Chen Aona, Guo Chenggen, Qu Shuhua
School of Physical Education, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China.
School of Sports Training, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, China.
BMC Pediatr. 2025 Jan 9;25(1):17. doi: 10.1186/s12887-024-05362-1.
Obese and overweight children and adolescents exhibit significant deficits in inhibitory function compared to their typical-weight peers. There is a high variability in the effectiveness of exercise interventions on inhibitory function in obese and overweight children and adolescents, and clinical protocols lack consistency. This study aims to systematically review the effects of exercise interventions on inhibitory function in obese and overweight children and adolescents.
A systematic search was conducted on Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane Library, EBSCO, WanFang Database, and China Knowledge Resource Integrated Database (CNKI) to gather randomized controlled trials (RCTs) examining the impact of exercise interventions on inhibitory function in obese and overweight children and adolescents. The search covered publications from January 2000 to January 8, 2024. Two researchers independently conducted a meta-analysis, screening the literature, extracting information, and assessing the methodological quality of the included studies.
The analysis included 24 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with a total of 1,247 participants. The meta-analysis showed that post-intervention improvements in inhibitory function were significantly greater in the experimental group compared to the control group (SMD = -0.65, 95% CI = -1.01 to -0.29, p < 0.01), indicating a medium effect size. Subgroup analyses indicated that open motor skills (SMD = -0.73, 95% CI = -1.20 to -0.27, p < 0.01), moderate intensity (SMD = -0.80, 95% CI = -1.37 to -0.23, p < 0.01), and long-term regular exercise (SMD = -1.04, 95% CI = -1.47 to -0.62, p < 0.01) were significantly more effective than controls in improving inhibitory function. Both small exercise (SMD = -1.60, 95% CI = -2.25 to -0.94, p < 0.01) and large exercise volume (SMD = -0.85, 95% CI = -1.33 to -0.37, p < 0.01) outperformed the control group. Additionally, Stroop, Flanker, and Go/No-go tasks (SMD = -0.88, -0.62, 0.73, 95% CI = -1.43 to -0.32, -1.09 to -0.15, 0.20 to 1.25, p < 0.01) effectively assessed inhibitory function in obese and overweight children and adolescents.
Exercise can improve the inhibitory function of obese and overweight children and adolescents. The effectiveness of this intervention is influenced by exercise type, intensity, and duration. Long-term regular exercise involving open motor skills and moderate intensity yields better results in enhancing the inhibitory function of obese and overweight children and adolescents.
The protocol of this systematic review was registered with INPLASY. The protocol ID was INPLASY202450061.
与体重正常的同龄人相比，肥胖和超重的儿童及青少年在抑制功能方面存在显著缺陷。运动干预对肥胖和超重儿童及青少年抑制功能的有效性存在很大差异，且临床方案缺乏一致性。本研究旨在系统评价运动干预对肥胖和超重儿童及青少年抑制功能的影响。
在Web of Science、PubMed、Cochrane图书馆、EBSCO、万方数据库和中国知网（CNKI）上进行系统检索，以收集考察运动干预对肥胖和超重儿童及青少年抑制功能影响的随机对照试验（RCT）。检索涵盖2000年1月至2024年1月8日的出版物。两名研究人员独立进行荟萃分析，筛选文献、提取信息并评估纳入研究的方法学质量。
分析纳入了24项随机对照试验，共1247名参与者。荟萃分析表明，与对照组相比，干预后实验组的抑制功能改善显著更大（标准化均数差[SMD]= -0.65，95%置信区间[CI]= -1.01至-0.29，p<0.01），表明效应量中等。亚组分析表明，开放性运动技能（SMD= -0.73，95%CI= -1.20至-0.27，p<0.01）、中等强度（SMD= -0.80，95%CI= -1.37至-0.23，p<0.01）和长期规律运动（SMD= -1.04，95%CI= -1.47至-0.62，p<0.01）在改善抑制功能方面比对照组显著更有效。小运动量运动（SMD= -1.60，95%CI= -2.25至-0.94，p<0.01）和大运动量运动（SMD= -0.85，95%CI= -1.33至-0.37，p<0.01）均优于对照组。此外，Stroop任务、Flanker任务和Go/No-go任务（SMD= -0.88、-0.62、0.73，95%CI= -1.43至-0.32、-1.09至-0.15、0.20至1.25，p<0.01）能有效评估肥胖和超重儿童及青少年的抑制功能。
运动可改善肥胖和超重儿童及青少年的抑制功能。这种干预的有效性受运动类型、强度和持续时间的影响。涉及开放性运动技能和中等强度的长期规律运动在增强肥胖和超重儿童及青少年的抑制功能方面产生更好的效果。
本系统评价的方案已在INPLASY注册。方案识别号为INPLASY202450061。
