Shamah-Levy Teresa, Méndez-Gómez-Humarán Ignacio, Mundo-Rosas Verónica, Muñoz-Espinosa Alicia, Melgar-Quiñonez Hugo, Young Sera Lewise
Center for Evaluation and Surveys, National Institute of Public Health of Mexico, Cuernavaca, Mexico.
Center For Research in Mathematics, Aguascalientes, Mexico.
Public Health Nutr. 2025 Jan 10;28(1):e30. doi: 10.1017/S1368980024002684.
Explore the relationship between water insecurity (WI) and food security and their covariates in Mexican households.
A cross-sectional study with nationally representative data from the National Health and Nutrition Survey-Continuous 2021 (in Spanish, ENSANUT-Continua 2021), collected data from 12 619 households.
WI was measured using the Household Water Insecurity Experiences (HWISE) Scale in Spanish and adapted to the Mexican context. Food security was measured using the Latin American and Caribbean Food Security Scale. A generalised path model was used to produce two simultaneous logistical regression equations - WI (HWISE ≥ 12) and moderate-to-severe food insecurity (FI) - to understand key covariates as well as the contribution of WI to FI.
The head of the household, an adult of >18 years of age, consented to participate in the survey.
Households experiencing WI were more likely to experience moderate-to-severe FI (OR = 2·35; 95 % CI: 2·02, 2·72). The odds of WI were lower in households with medium (OR = 0·74; 95 % CI: 0·61, 0·9) to high (OR = 0·45; 95 % CI: 0·37, 0·55) asset scores. WI also depended on the region of Mexico. FI is more prevalent in indigenous people (OR = 1·29; 95 % CI: 1·05, 1·59) and rural households (OR = 0·42; 95 % CI: 1·16, 1·73). Notably, wealth and household size did not contribute directly to FI but did so indirectly through the mediating factor of WI.
Our study shows that there are structural factors that form part of the varied determinants of WI, which in turn is closely linked to FI.
探究墨西哥家庭中水不安全（WI）与粮食安全及其协变量之间的关系。
一项横断面研究，使用来自2021年全国健康与营养调查 - 连续调查（西班牙语：ENSANUT - Continua 2021）的具有全国代表性的数据，收集了12619户家庭的数据。
使用西班牙语版的家庭水不安全体验（HWISE）量表测量WI，并根据墨西哥情况进行了调整。使用拉丁美洲和加勒比粮食安全量表测量粮食安全。采用广义路径模型生成两个同时进行的逻辑回归方程——WI（HWISE≥12）和中度至重度粮食不安全（FI）——以了解关键协变量以及WI对FI的贡献。
户主，年龄大于18岁的成年人，同意参与调查。
经历WI的家庭更有可能经历中度至重度FI（OR = 2.35；95%CI：2.02，2.72）。资产得分中等（OR = 0.74；95%CI：0.61，0.9）至高（OR = 0.45；95%CI：0.37，0.55）的家庭中WI的几率较低。WI还取决于墨西哥的地区。FI在原住民（OR = 1.29；95%CI：1.05，1.59）和农村家庭（OR = 0.42；95%CI：1.16，1.73）中更为普遍。值得注意的是，财富和家庭规模并未直接导致FI，而是通过WI这一中介因素间接导致。
我们的研究表明，存在一些构成WI各种决定因素一部分的结构因素，而WI又与FI密切相关。
