评估90%苯酚、100%三氯乙酸和射频用于侧方甲床切除术治疗嵌甲的有效性、安全性及满意度：一项三臂临床试验
Evaluating the Effectiveness, Safety, and Satisfaction Rates of Phenol 90%, Trichloroacetic Acid 100%, and Radiofrequency in Lateral Matricectomy for the Treatment of Ingrown Toenails: A Triple-Arm Clinical Trial.
作者信息
Ghassemi Mohammadreza, Keshavarz Zahra, Behrangi Elham, Bazargan Afsaneh Sadeghzadeh, Jafarzadeh Alireza, Goodarzi Azadeh
机构信息
Department of Dermatology, Rasool Akram Medical Complex Clinical Research Development Center (RCRDC), School of Medicine Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS) Tehran Iran.
出版信息
Health Sci Rep. 2025 Jan 8;8(1):e70326. doi: 10.1002/hsr2.70326. eCollection 2025 Jan.
BACKGROUND AND AIMS
This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness, safety, and satisfaction rates of three different lateral matricectomy methods for treating ingrown toenails: 90% phenol, 100% trichloroacetic acid (TCA), and radiofrequency (RF) ablation. Our objective was to identify which method offers superior outcomes regarding postoperative pain, healing time, aesthetic results, and complication rates.
METHODS
Conducted between August 2022 and June 2023, the study included 12 eligible patients divided into three groups: Group 1 underwent lateral matricectomy with 90% phenol, Group 2 with 100% TCA, and Group 3 with RF treatment. Preoperative assessments were conducted, and patients were followed up on the day after surgery and at Weeks 1, 2, and 3, as well as at Months 1, 2, 6, and 9 postoperatively (totaling nine assessments). Pain levels were measured using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), while wound discharge and bleeding were rated on specified scales.
RESULTS
Mean pre- and postoperative (second day) pain scores were 6.0 ± 3.3 and 0.75 ± 0.67 for Group 1, 6.25 ± 4.92 and 1.75 ± 0.58 for Group 2, and 6.25 ± 2.25 and 3.50 ± 0.50 for Group 3, with significant differences observed. RF treatment showed higher moderate postoperative pain compared to mild pain in the phenol and TCA groups. Average healing time was 22.75 ± 3.50 days (phenol), 40 ± 12.91 days (TCA), and 26.25 ± 6.70 days (RF), with phenol demonstrating faster healing, although differences were statistically insignificant. The median aesthetic outcomes favored phenol with a score of 5.0.
CONCLUSION
Lateral matricectomy with 90% phenol, 100% TCA, and RF all provide unique advantages for ingrown toenail treatment. Phenol exhibited high success rates, minimal complications, faster healing, and excellent aesthetic outcomes.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
IRCT, IRCT20220228054152N1. Registered 03 January 2023, https://www.irct.behdasht.gov.ir/trial/65907.
背景与目的
本研究旨在评估三种不同的侧方甲床切除术治疗嵌甲的有效性、安全性和满意度：90%苯酚、100%三氯乙酸（TCA）和射频（RF）消融。我们的目标是确定哪种方法在术后疼痛、愈合时间、美学效果和并发症发生率方面能提供更优的结果。
方法
该研究于2022年8月至2023年6月进行，纳入了12名符合条件的患者，分为三组：第一组接受90%苯酚侧方甲床切除术，第二组接受100% TCA侧方甲床切除术，第三组接受RF治疗。进行了术前评估，并在术后第1天、第1周、第2周和第3周以及术后第1个月、第2个月、第6个月和第9个月对患者进行随访（共九次评估）。使用视觉模拟量表（VAS）测量疼痛程度，同时按照特定量表对伤口渗液和出血情况进行评分。
结果
第一组术前和术后（第二天）的平均疼痛评分分别为6.0±3.3和0.75±0.67，第二组为6.25±4.92和1.75±0.58，第三组为6.25±2.25和3.50±0.50，观察到显著差异。与苯酚和TCA组的轻度疼痛相比，RF治疗术后中度疼痛更高。平均愈合时间分别为22.75±3.50天（苯酚）、40±12.91天（TCA）和26.25±6.70天（RF），苯酚组愈合更快，尽管差异无统计学意义。美学效果中位数以苯酚组最佳，评分为5.0。
结论
90%苯酚、100% TCA和RF侧方甲床切除术在嵌甲治疗中均具有独特优势。苯酚显示出高成功率、最少的并发症、更快的愈合速度和出色的美学效果。
试验注册
IRCT，IRCT20220228054152N1。于2023年1月3日注册，https://www.irct.behdasht.gov.ir/trial/65907。
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