Brush F R, Baron S, Froehlich J C, Ison J R, Pellegrino L J, Phillips D S, Sakellaris P C, Williams V N
J Comp Psychol. 1985 Mar;99(1):60-73.
The behaviors of rats selectively bred for either good or poor shuttle box avoidance learning were studied. The results of Experiment 1 indicated that the phenotypic difference in avoidance learning is not associated with differences in speed of escape or avoidance responding. Differences between the lines in frequency of intertrial responses (ITRs), which appear during training but not during pretest, suggest that ITRs in animals of the low-avoidance (SLA) line are more suppressed by electric shock than in animals of the high-avoidance (SHA) line. This result suggests that SLA animals may be more emotionally responsive than SHA animals. Experiment 2 demonstrated that the animals of the two lines do not differ in absolute sensitivity to electric shock, and Experiment 3 showed that the poor performance of the SLA line is not due to an inability to learn. Experiment 3 also provided evidence which suggests that the poor avoidance learning by SLA animals is due to their emotional reactivity. Observations of open-field behavior in Experiment 4 are consistent with this hypothesis. The major consistent correlate of the phenotypic difference in avoidance learning is greater emotionality or emotional reactivity in SLA than in SHA animals.
对经选择性培育、在穿梭箱回避学习中表现良好或较差的大鼠的行为进行了研究。实验1的结果表明，回避学习中的表型差异与逃避或回避反应速度的差异无关。在训练期间而非预测试期间出现的试验间反应（ITRs）频率在品系间的差异表明，低回避（SLA）品系动物的ITRs比高回避（SHA）品系动物更容易受到电击抑制。这一结果表明，SLA动物可能比SHA动物在情绪上更敏感。实验2表明，两个品系的动物对电击的绝对敏感性没有差异，实验3表明，SLA品系表现不佳并非由于学习能力不足。实验3还提供了证据，表明SLA动物回避学习能力差是由于它们的情绪反应性。实验4中对旷场行为的观察与这一假设一致。回避学习中表型差异的主要一致相关因素是SLA动物比SHA动物具有更高的情绪性或情绪反应性。
