Araújo José, Pais Nuno, Andrade António
Orthopedics and Traumatology, Unidade Local de Saúde do Nordeste, Macedo de Cavaleiros, PRT.
Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Clínica Espregueira-Mendes, Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) Medical Center of Excellence, Porto, PRT.
Cureus. 2024 Dec 10;16(12):e75493. doi: 10.7759/cureus.75493. eCollection 2024 Dec.
The plantaris tendon may be absent in some individuals, indicating its unclear function. Anatomically, the plantaris tendon originates from the lateral femoral condyle and has a variable course and insertion point at the calcaneal tuberosity. The plantaris tendon may influence conditions such as Achilles tendinopathy, particularly in its midportion, whether by its close relation to the calcaneal tendon or adhesions between both tendons. This case study involves a 38-year-old male patient with an Achilles tendon rupture; two plantaris tendons were discovered during surgical exploration. An anatomical variation was described before in a cadaveric study, where two plantaris muscles were encountered during specimen dissection, and the accessory tendon was inserted in the crural fascia proximal to the calcaneal tendon. The relationship between anatomical variations of the plantaris tendon and Achilles tendon injuries remains an area of ongoing research, and current findings suggest that while there may be a correlation, definitive conclusions cannot be drawn. This case reports a rare anatomical variation encountered during routine surgery, and despite not establishing a relation to tendon rupture, it can alert other surgeons to the anatomic variability of the plantar tendon and its possible role in the treatment of Achilles tendinopathy.
在一些个体中，跖肌腱可能缺如，这表明其功能尚不明确。从解剖学角度来看，跖肌腱起自股骨外侧髁，其走行和在跟骨结节处的附着点存在变异。跖肌腱可能会影响诸如跟腱病等情况，尤其是在其中段，无论这是由于其与跟腱的紧密关系，还是两条肌腱之间的粘连。本病例研究涉及一名38岁的男性跟腱断裂患者；在手术探查过程中发现了两条跖肌腱。之前在一项尸体研究中描述过一种解剖变异，即在标本解剖过程中遇到了两条跖肌，且副腱附着于跟腱近端的小腿筋膜。跖肌腱的解剖变异与跟腱损伤之间的关系仍是一个正在进行研究的领域，目前的研究结果表明，虽然可能存在相关性，但无法得出明确结论。本病例报告了在常规手术中遇到的一种罕见解剖变异，尽管未确定其与肌腱断裂的关系，但它可以提醒其他外科医生注意跖肌腱的解剖变异性及其在跟腱病治疗中可能发挥的作用。
