Inoue Toru, Ando Tadasuke, Murakami Tomochika, Hirakawa Shiho, Fujita Yoshitsugu, Shin Toshitaka, Mimata Hiromitsu
Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, JPN.
Organ Transplantation Promotion Project, Oita University, Yufu, JPN.
Cureus. 2024 Dec 10;16(12):e75489. doi: 10.7759/cureus.75489. eCollection 2024 Dec.
Following COVID-19, dietary habits have been altered frequently along with other societal lifestyle modifications. However, changes in the dietary habits of maintenance hemodialysis patients (MHPs) before and during COVID-19 have not been investigated.
A total of 132 MHPs were assessed for changes in their dietary habits before and during the pandemic and their association with COVID-19 prevention. Logistic regression models were used to calculate the adjusted odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the risk of COVID-19. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed.
Approximately 27% (36 of 132) of the MHPs modified their dietary habits. Following COVID-19, the frequency of eating out decreased, and that of eating in increased significantly for dinner. However, there was no change in dietary habits for breakfast and lunch. Multivariate analysis revealed an inverse correlation between the number of eating takeout and COVID-19; that is, more eating of takeout was associated with a lower risk of contracting COVID-19.
Comparing before and after the pandemic, there was a shift from eating out to eating in for dinner. However, the frequency of eating takeout played a role in preventing COVID-19, suggesting that the person preparing the meal may be a more important factor than where the meal is eaten when the main route of infection is household transmission.
在感染新冠病毒后，饮食习惯与其他社会生活方式的改变一样频繁变化。然而，维持性血液透析患者（MHP）在新冠疫情之前和期间的饮食习惯变化尚未得到研究。
共评估了132名维持性血液透析患者在疫情之前和期间的饮食习惯变化及其与新冠病毒预防的关联。使用逻辑回归模型计算新冠病毒感染风险的调整比值比（OR）及95%置信区间（CI）。进行了多变量逻辑回归分析。
约27%（132名中的36名）的维持性血液透析患者改变了饮食习惯。感染新冠病毒后，外出就餐频率降低，晚餐在家就餐频率显著增加。然而，早餐和午餐的饮食习惯没有变化。多变量分析显示，点外卖次数与感染新冠病毒之间存在负相关；也就是说，点外卖次数越多，感染新冠病毒的风险越低。
与疫情之前相比，晚餐的就餐方式从外出就餐转变为在家就餐。然而，点外卖的频率在预防新冠病毒方面发挥了作用，这表明当主要感染途径为家庭传播时，准备饭菜的人可能比就餐地点更重要。
