Joore Noah L, van der Horst Marte Z, Noorthoorn Eric O, Strous Jurriaan F M, Vruwink Fleur J, Guloksuz Sinan, Siegmund Peter C, Luykx Jurjen J
Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Brain Centre Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Eur Psychiatry. 2025 Jan 10;68(1):e2. doi: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2024.1800.
Temperature increases in the context of climate change affect numerous mental health outcomes. One such relevant outcome is involuntary admissions as these often relate to severe (life)threatening psychiatric conditions. Due to a shortage of studies into this topic, relationships between mean ambient temperature and involuntary admissions have remained largely elusive.
To examine associations between involuntary admissions to psychiatric institutions and various meteorological variables.
Involuntary admissions data from 23 psychiatric institutions in the Netherlands were linked to meteorological data from their respective weather stations. Generalized additive models were used, integrating a restricted maximum likelihood method and thin plate regression splines to preserve generalizability and minimize the risk of overfitting. We thus conducted univariable, seasonally stratified, multivariable, and lagged analyses.
A total of 13,746 involuntary admissions were included over 21,549 days. In univariable and multivariable models, we found significant positive associations with involuntary admissions for ambient temperature and windspeed, with projected increases of up to 0.94% in involuntary admissions per degree Celsius temperature elevation. In the univariable analyses using all data, the strongest associations in terms of significance and explained variance were found for mean ambient temperature ( = 2.5 × 10, Variance Explained [] = 0.096%) and maximum ambient temperature ( = 8.65 × 10, = 0.072%). We did not find evidence that the lagged associations explain the associations for ambient temperature better than the direct associations.
Mean ambient temperature is consistently but weakly associated with involuntary psychiatric admissions. Our findings set the stage for further epidemiological and mechanistic studies into this topic, as well as for modeling studies examining future involuntary psychiatric admissions.
气候变化背景下的气温升高会影响众多心理健康结果。一个相关结果是非自愿住院，因为这些往往与严重的（危及生命的）精神疾病状况有关。由于对该主题的研究不足，平均环境温度与非自愿住院之间的关系在很大程度上仍不明确。
研究精神科机构非自愿住院与各种气象变量之间的关联。
荷兰23家精神科机构的非自愿住院数据与各自气象站的气象数据相关联。使用广义相加模型，整合限制最大似然法和薄板回归样条以保持可推广性并最小化过度拟合风险。因此，我们进行了单变量、按季节分层、多变量和滞后分析。
在21549天内共纳入13746例非自愿住院病例。在单变量和多变量模型中，我们发现环境温度和风速与非自愿住院之间存在显著正相关，预计每升高1摄氏度，非自愿住院病例将增加高达0.94%。在使用所有数据的单变量分析中，就显著性和解释方差而言，平均环境温度（=2.5×10，解释方差[] = 0.096%）和最高环境温度（=8.65×10，=0.072%）的关联最强。我们没有发现证据表明滞后关联比直接关联能更好地解释环境温度的关联。
平均环境温度与非自愿精神科住院存在持续但微弱的关联。我们的研究结果为进一步开展该主题的流行病学和机制研究以及预测未来非自愿精神科住院的建模研究奠定了基础。
