Li Yong, Chang Tzu-Fen, Zhou Qing, Li Kathryn, Baiden Philip, Kaplan Mark S
Orien Levy Woolf Division of Social Work, Texas Woman's University, Denton, TX 76204, USA.
Department of Human Development and Child, Adolescent, and Family Studies, California State University, Bakersfield, CA 93311, USA.
Healthcare (Basel). 2024 Dec 25;13(1):18. doi: 10.3390/healthcare13010018.
: Asian American (AA) young adults, including AA college students, may experience more suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STBs) compared to other racial and ethnic groups of the same age. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first systematic review of the risk and protective factors for STBs with a focus on AA young adults. : Informed by the social-ecological perspective and the cultural model and theory of suicide, this study systematically reviews the risk and protective factors for STBs among AA young adults. Based on 22 research articles published between 1998 and 2023, we analyzed and discussed the effects of 37 risk and 15 protective factors at the individual, relationship, community, societal, and cultural levels. : Most risk factors are at the individual level (e.g., depressive symptoms and hopelessness), followed by factors at the cultural level (e.g., acculturation and acculturative stress), the relationship level (e.g., family problems and romantic relationship problems), the community level (e.g., verbal threats on campus), and the societal level (e.g., public stigma about mental health). Also, most protective factors are at the individual level (e.g., self-reliance and fear of suicide), followed by the relationship level (e.g., social support and family responsibilities), the community level (e.g., religious affiliations), and the cultural level (desire not to burden others). : This systematic review emphasizes the need for future research to explore cultural factors, subgroup differences, and longitudinal designs, while advocating for culturally specific prevention and intervention strategies to improve mental health outcomes for AAYAs.
与其他同龄种族和族裔群体相比，亚裔美国年轻人，包括亚裔美国大学生，可能会经历更多的自杀念头和行为。据我们所知，本研究是首次对以亚裔美国年轻人为重点的自杀念头和行为的风险及保护因素进行系统综述。
本研究以社会生态视角以及自杀的文化模型和理论为依据，系统综述了亚裔美国年轻人中自杀念头和行为的风险及保护因素。基于1998年至2023年间发表的22篇研究文章，我们分析并讨论了个体、人际关系、社区、社会和文化层面的37个风险因素和15个保护因素的影响。
大多数风险因素处于个体层面（如抑郁症状和绝望感），其次是文化层面（如文化适应和文化适应压力）、人际关系层面（如家庭问题和恋爱关系问题）、社区层面（如校园言语威胁）和社会层面（如对心理健康的公众污名化）。此外，大多数保护因素处于个体层面（如自力更生和对自杀的恐惧），其次是人际关系层面（如社会支持和家庭责任）、社区层面（如宗教信仰）和文化层面（不想给他人带来负担的愿望）。
本系统综述强调未来研究需要探索文化因素、亚组差异和纵向设计，同时倡导采用针对特定文化的预防和干预策略，以改善亚裔美国年轻人的心理健康状况。
