Advances and applications in single-cell and spatial genomics.

The applications of single-cell and spatial technologies in recent times have revolutionized the present understanding of cellular states and the cellular heterogeneity inherent in complex biological systems. These advancements offer unprecedented resolution in the examination of the functional genomics of individual cells and their spatial context within tissues. In this review, we have comprehensively discussed the historical development and recent progress in the field of single-cell and spatial genomics. We have reviewed the breakthroughs in single-cell multi-omics technologies, spatial genomics methods, and the computational strategies employed toward the analyses of single-cell atlas data. Furthermore, we have highlighted the advances made in constructing cellular atlases and their clinical applications, particularly in the context of disease. Finally, we have discussed the emerging trends, challenges, and opportunities in this rapidly evolving field.