Nunez Freddy A, Silva Marcos R de A, Cilli Eduardo M, Brandão Sarah T R, Müller Martin, Fischer Dieter, Besford Quinn A, Alves Wendel A
Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André, São Paulo 09210-580, Brazil; Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Str. 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany.
Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André, São Paulo 09210-580, Brazil.
Bioelectrochemistry. 2025 Jun;163:108899. doi: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2025.108899. Epub 2025 Jan 4.
Owing to fast SARS-CoV-2 mutations, biosensors employing antibodies as biorecognition elements have presented problems with sensitivity and accuracy. To face these challenges, antibodies can be replaced with the human angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE-2), where it has been shown that the affinity between ACE-2 and the receptor binding domain (RBD) increases with the emergence of new variants. Herein, we report on Ni-doped ZnO nanorod electrochemical biosensors employing an ACE-2 peptide (IEEQAKTFLDKFNHEAEDLFYQS-NH) as a biorecognition element for detecting Spike (S) Wild-Type (WT) protein. The electrode was fully characterized in terms of electrochemical and physical properties. The sensor showed high cross reactivity with Spike protein B.1.1.7 and Spike protein B.1.351. Still, there was no cross reactivity with the Nucleocapsid protein WT, showing that the biosensor can identify ancestral WT S protein and S protein variants of concern. The device exhibited a LOD of 60.13 ng mL across an S protein WT concentration range from 200 ng mL to 1000 ng mL and a LOQ of 182.22 ng mL. The calculated sensitivity and specificity were 88.88 and 100 %, respectively. These results proved that the Ni-ZnO sensor has promising prospects for SARS-CoV-2 detection and diagnosis of other viruses, employing peptides as biorecognition elements.
由于严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）快速突变，以抗体作为生物识别元件的生物传感器在灵敏度和准确性方面出现了问题。为应对这些挑战，可用人血管紧张素转换酶2（ACE-2）替代抗体，研究表明ACE-2与受体结合域（RBD）之间的亲和力会随着新变种的出现而增加。在此，我们报道了一种镍掺杂氧化锌纳米棒电化学生物传感器，该传感器采用ACE-2肽（IEEQAKTFLDKFNHEAEDLFYQS-NH）作为生物识别元件来检测刺突（S）野生型（WT）蛋白。对该电极的电化学和物理性质进行了全面表征。该传感器对刺突蛋白B.1.1.7和刺突蛋白B.1.351表现出高交叉反应性。然而，与核衣壳蛋白WT没有交叉反应性，这表明该生物传感器可以识别原始WT S蛋白和相关的S蛋白变种。在200 ng/mL至1000 ng/mL的S蛋白WT浓度范围内，该装置的检测限为60.13 ng/mL，定量限为182.22 ng/mL。计算得出的灵敏度和特异性分别为88.88%和100%。这些结果证明，以肽作为生物识别元件的镍-氧化锌传感器在SARS-CoV-2检测及其他病毒诊断方面具有广阔前景。
