Metri Nicole A, Mandl Adel, Paller Channing J
Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD.
Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD.
Urol Oncol. 2025 Apr;43(4):221-243. doi: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2024.12.260. Epub 2025 Jan 9.
Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related death among men in the United States. The global burden of this disease is rising, placing significant strain on healthcare systems worldwide. Although definitive therapies like surgery and radiation are often effective, prostate cancer can recur and progress to castration-resistant prostate cancer in some cases. Conventional treatments for prostate cancer often have substantial side effects that can greatly impact patients' quality of life. Therefore, many patients turn to complementary therapies to improve outcomes, manage side effects, and enhance overall well-being. Natural products show promise as complementary treatments for prostate cancer, offering anticancer properties with a low risk of adverse effects. While preclinical research has produced encouraging results, their role in prostate cancer treatment remains controversial, largely due to inconsistent and limited success in clinical trials. This review explores the mechanisms of action of key natural products in prostate cancer management and summarizes clinical trials evaluating their efficacy and safety. It underscores the need for high-quality, rigorously designed, and adequately powered studies to validate the therapeutic potential and safety of these supplements in cancer care. Additionally, we propose future directions to enhance their role in addressing the complex challenges associated with prostate cancer.
前列腺癌是美国男性中最常被诊断出的癌症，也是癌症相关死亡的第二大主要原因。这种疾病的全球负担正在上升，给世界各地的医疗系统带来了巨大压力。尽管手术和放疗等确定性疗法通常有效，但在某些情况下，前列腺癌可能会复发并进展为去势抵抗性前列腺癌。前列腺癌的传统治疗往往有严重的副作用，会极大地影响患者的生活质量。因此，许多患者求助于辅助疗法来改善治疗效果、管理副作用并提高整体健康水平。天然产物有望成为前列腺癌的辅助治疗方法，具有抗癌特性且副作用风险较低。虽然临床前研究取得了令人鼓舞的结果，但它们在前列腺癌治疗中的作用仍存在争议，这主要是由于临床试验结果不一致且成功率有限。本综述探讨了关键天然产物在前列腺癌管理中的作用机制，并总结了评估其疗效和安全性的临床试验。它强调需要高质量、设计严谨且有足够效力的研究，以验证这些补充剂在癌症治疗中的治疗潜力和安全性。此外，我们提出了未来的方向，以增强它们在应对与前列腺癌相关的复杂挑战中的作用。
