Azirar Rania, Fettach Samah, da Costa Fiz, Pérez Montse, Chiaar Abderrahim, Aghzar Adil, Ouagajjou Yassine
Research Team of Agriculture and Aquaculture Engineering (G2A), Polydisciplinary Faculty of Larache, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tetouan 93000, Morocco.
Amsa Shellfish Research Station, National Institute of Fisheries Research (INRH), Tetouan 93000, Morocco.
Animals (Basel). 2024 Dec 26;15(1):29. doi: 10.3390/ani15010029.
The grooved carpet shell clam (), widely found along Morocco's coasts and estuaries, is a key economic resource due to its high market value. However, clam production has declined over recent decades, largely due to the overexploitation of natural beds, and recruitment failures, leading to a limited wild spat availability. This study examined how the broodstock collection season (winter vs. summer) and origin (South Atlantic vs. North Mediterranean) affect broodstock performances in hatcheries. The maturity development (condition index (CI) and gonadal condition index (GCI)), histological examination, and reproductive output were evaluated. The results showed that Mediterranean clams achieved a higher maturity during winter conditioning (CI = 13.60 ± 1.02, GCI = 6.01 ± 0.90) than the Atlantic population (CI = 11.51 ± 1.50, GCI = 5.31 ± 1.14). Moreover, Mediterranean clams produced more oocytes per female (2.34 million), despite the lower spawning rate (42%), compared to the Atlantic clams (1.68 million) with a 69% spawning rate by the end of the winter conditioning. These findings highlight the importance of selecting broodstock by geographic origin to optimize shellfish hatchery production.
沟纹蚶（）广泛分布于摩洛哥沿海和河口地区，因其市场价值高而成为重要的经济资源。然而，近几十年来蚶的产量有所下降，主要原因是天然养殖场过度捕捞以及育苗失败，导致野生贝苗供应有限。本研究考察了亲贝采集季节（冬季与夏季）和来源地（南大西洋与北地中海）如何影响孵化场中亲贝的表现。评估了成熟度发育（条件指数（CI）和性腺条件指数（GCI））、组织学检查以及繁殖产量。结果表明，地中海蚶在冬季育肥期间的成熟度（CI = 13.60 ± 1.02，GCI = 6.01 ± 0.90）高于大西洋种群（CI = 11.51 ± 1.50，GCI = 5.31 ± 1.14）。此外，尽管产卵率较低（42%），但地中海蚶每只雌蚶产生的卵母细胞更多（234万个），相比之下，大西洋蚶在冬季育肥结束时产卵率为69%，每只雌蚶产生的卵母细胞为168万个。这些发现凸显了按地理来源选择亲贝对于优化贝类孵化场产量的重要性。
