Lee Leeko, Reynolds Andrew, Dorin Briann, Shemrock Adam
Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada.
AirTech UAV Solutions Inc., Inverary, ON K0H 1X0, Canada.
Plants (Basel). 2025 Jan 6;14(1):137. doi: 10.3390/plants14010137.
Grapevines are subjected to many physiological and environmental stresses that influence their vegetative and reproductive growth. Water stress, cold damage, and pathogen attacks are highly relevant stresses in many grape-growing regions. Precision viticulture can be used to determine and manage the spatial variation in grapevine health within a single vineyard block. Newer technologies such as remotely piloted aircraft systems (RPASs) with remote sensing capabilities can enhance the application of precision viticulture. The use of remote sensing for vineyard variation detection has been extensively investigated; however, there is still a dearth of literature regarding its potential for detecting key stresses such as winter hardiness, water status, and virus infection. The main objective of this research is to examine the performance of modern remote sensing technologies to determine if their application can enhance vineyard management by providing evidence-based stress detection. To accomplish the objective, remotely sensed data such as the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and thermal imaging from RPAS flights were measured from six commercial vineyards in Niagara, ON, along with the manual measurement of key viticultural data including vine water stress, cold stress, vine size, and virus titre. This study verified that the NDVI could be a useful metric to detect variation across vineyards for agriculturally important variables including vine size and soil moisture. The red-edge and near-infrared regions of the electromagnetic reflectance spectra could also have a potential application in detecting virus infection in vineyards.
葡萄藤会受到许多影响其营养生长和生殖生长的生理和环境胁迫。水分胁迫、冷害和病原体侵袭在许多葡萄种植区都是高度相关的胁迫因素。精准葡萄栽培可用于确定和管理单个葡萄园地块内葡萄藤健康状况的空间变异。诸如具有遥感能力的遥控飞机系统（RPAS）等较新技术可增强精准葡萄栽培的应用。利用遥感进行葡萄园变异检测已得到广泛研究；然而，关于其检测诸如抗寒性、水分状况和病毒感染等关键胁迫的潜力的文献仍然匮乏。本研究的主要目的是检验现代遥感技术的性能，以确定其应用是否能通过提供基于证据的胁迫检测来加强葡萄园管理。为实现这一目标，从安大略省尼亚加拉的六个商业葡萄园测量了诸如归一化植被指数（NDVI）和RPAS飞行的热成像等遥感数据，同时人工测量了包括葡萄藤水分胁迫、冷胁迫、葡萄藤大小和病毒滴度在内的关键葡萄栽培数据。本研究证实，NDVI对于检测葡萄园在包括葡萄藤大小和土壤湿度等农业重要变量方面的变异可能是一个有用的指标。电磁反射光谱的红边和近红外区域在检测葡萄园病毒感染方面也可能有潜在应用。
