Łukaszek-Chmielewska Aneta, Rachwał Marzena, Rakowska Joanna, Ośko Jakub, Konop Marta, Kosturkiewicz Bogdan, Kosturkiewicz Mateusz, Łapicz Marcin
Institute of Safety Engineering, Fire University, 52/54 Słowackiego St., 01-629 Warsaw, Poland.
Radiation Protection Measurements Laboratory, National Centre for Nuclear Research, 7 A. Sołtana St., 05-400 Otwock, Poland.
Materials (Basel). 2024 Dec 26;18(1):52. doi: 10.3390/ma18010052.
The concentration of natural radionuclides Ra, Th and K in ceramic tiles manufactured in Poland is presented in this paper. The concentration of natural radioactive isotopes in the tested samples was determined using a low-level digital gamma ray spectrometer equipped with an HPGe semiconductor detector. The mean concentrations of Ra, Th and K in the analyzed samples were found to be 48 ± 3 Bq∙kg, 49 ± 3 Bq∙kg and 476 ± 23 Bq∙kg, respectively. The world mean concentrations of these radionuclides (50 Bq·kg, 50 Bq·kg and 500 Bq·kg, respectively) were not exceeded. Furthermore, in order to ascertain the level of gamma radiation exposure, fundamental radiation protection parameters were established: radioactivity concentration indicator/gamma ray indicator (I), indoor dose rate (D) and annual indoor effective dose (E). In the case of the investigated ceramic tiles, it was established that the parameters were not higher than the limit values, except the indoor gamma radiation dose rate which was found to be 1.5 times higher than the world average. Therefore, the findings of this study indicate that the utilization of the examined ceramic tiles in constructions should be approached with a degree of caution.
本文介绍了波兰生产的瓷砖中天然放射性核素镭（Ra）、钍（Th）和钾（K）的浓度。使用配备HPGe半导体探测器的低本底数字伽马射线光谱仪测定了测试样品中天然放射性同位素的浓度。分析样品中镭、钍和钾的平均浓度分别为48±3贝克勒尔每千克、49±3贝克勒尔每千克和476±23贝克勒尔每千克。这些放射性核素的世界平均浓度（分别为50贝克勒尔每千克、50贝克勒尔每千克和500贝克勒尔每千克）未被超过。此外，为了确定伽马辐射暴露水平，确定了基本的辐射防护参数：放射性浓度指标/伽马射线指标（I）、室内剂量率（D）和年度室内有效剂量（E）。对于所研究的瓷砖，已确定除室内伽马辐射剂量率比世界平均水平高1.5倍外，这些参数均不高于限值。因此，本研究结果表明，在建筑中使用所检测的瓷砖时应谨慎对待。
