Kuznetsova Marina V, Nesterova Larisa Y, Mihailovskaya Veronika S, Selivanova Polina A, Kochergina Darja A, Karipova Marina O, Valtsifer Igor V, Averkina Anastasia S, Starčič Erjavec Marjanca
Laboratory of Molecular Biotechnology, Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms Ural Branch Russian Academy of Sciences, Perm Federal Research Centre of Ural Branch of RAS, 614081 Perm, Russia.
Department of Microbiology and Virology, Perm State Medical University Named After Academician E. A. Wagner, 614000 Perm, Russia.
Int J Mol Sci. 2025 Jan 3;26(1):355. doi: 10.3390/ijms26010355.
The widespread use of disinfectants and antiseptics has led to the emergence of nosocomial pathogens that are less sensitive to these agents, which in combination with multidrug resistance (MDR) can pose a significant epidemiologic risk. We investigated the susceptibility of nosocomial , , , and to a 0.05% chlorhexidine (CHX) solution and a biocidal S7 composite solution based on CHX (0.07%) and benzalkonium chloride (BAC, 0.055%). The prevalence of efflux pump genes associated with biocide resistance and their relationship to antibiotic resistance was also determined. Both biocides were more effective against Gram-positive than Gram-negative bacteria. The most resistant strains were strains, which were mainly killed by 0.0016% CHX and by 0.0000084% (CHX)/0.0000066% (BAC) S7. The S7 bactericidal effect was observed on and after 10 min, while the bactericidal effect of CHX was only observed after 30 min. and efflux pump genes were prevalent among and , while was more often detected in . , , , , and were prevalent in . The observed prevalence of efflux pump genes highlights the potential problem whereby the sensitivity of bacteria to biocides could decline rapidly in the future.
消毒剂和防腐剂的广泛使用导致了对这些药剂敏感性较低的医院病原体的出现，这些病原体与多重耐药性（MDR）相结合可能构成重大的流行病学风险。我们研究了医院的、、、和对0.05%洗必泰（CHX）溶液以及基于洗必泰（0.07%）和苯扎氯铵（BAC，0.055%）的杀生S7复合溶液的敏感性。还确定了与杀菌剂耐药性相关的外排泵基因的流行情况及其与抗生素耐药性的关系。两种杀菌剂对革兰氏阳性菌的效果均比对革兰氏阴性菌更有效。最具耐药性的菌株是菌株，主要被0.0016%的CHX和0.0000084%（CHX）/0.0000066%（BAC）的S7杀死。在10分钟后观察到S7对和有杀菌作用，而CHX的杀菌作用仅在30分钟后观察到。和外排泵基因在和中普遍存在，而在中更常检测到。、、、和在中普遍存在。观察到的外排泵基因流行情况突出了一个潜在问题，即未来细菌对杀菌剂的敏感性可能会迅速下降。
