Yao Yecheng, Guo Qiya, Ding Caicui, Zhou Ying, Song Chao, Zhang Yan, Gong Weiyan, Yuan Fan, Chen Zheng, Yu Tanchun, Wu Xinyue, He Li
National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China.
Nutrients. 2024 Dec 26;17(1):34. doi: 10.3390/nu17010034.
The objective of this study is to gain insights into the influence of income on the body mass index (BMI) locus in the elderly population.
The Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity and Happy Family Study (CLHLS-HF) was included at baseline (2008) for participants aged 65 years and older. The total number of participants analyzed in this study was 7555. A population-based trajectory model (GBTM) was used. The economic income level was an independent variable and adjusted for age, gender, ethnicity, education, marriage, and physical activity (Model 1), and the baseline BMI value was added in Model 2, with a quadratic of the income added in Model 3. A sensitivity analysis was adopted.
Three BMI trajectory groups were identified using GBTM and were labeled as "overweight", "normal", and "obesity". After adjusting for covariates (Model 1), with the increase in economic income, the risk of the elderly transitioning into the overweight trajectory group and the obesity trajectory group was relatively increased. When the baseline BMI values were adjusted for Model 2, the effect of economic income on the overweight and obesity trajectories was enhanced. A sensitivity analysis was performed, and it was found that the result of the positive impact of economic income on the BMI trajectory group was robust.
The higher the income, the greater the risk of Chinese elderly individuals developing the overweight or obesity trajectory. It is suggested that elderly individuals with higher economic income especially need interventions and nutrition education to help them acquire nutrition knowledge for a healthy lifestyle. The positive impact of economic income on the BMI trajectories of the elderly provides further directions for preventing and controlling obesity in the elderly.
本研究旨在深入了解收入对老年人群体体重指数（BMI）轨迹的影响。
中国老年健康长寿家庭纵向研究（CLHLS-HF）在基线期（2008年）纳入了65岁及以上的参与者。本研究分析的参与者总数为7555人。使用了基于人群的轨迹模型（GBTM）。经济收入水平为自变量，并对年龄、性别、种族、教育程度、婚姻状况和身体活动进行了调整（模型1），模型2中加入了基线BMI值，模型3中加入了收入的二次项。采用了敏感性分析。
使用GBTM确定了三个BMI轨迹组，分别标记为“超重”、“正常”和“肥胖”。在调整协变量后（模型1），随着经济收入的增加，老年人进入超重轨迹组和肥胖轨迹组的风险相对增加。当对模型2调整基线BMI值时，经济收入对超重和肥胖轨迹的影响增强。进行了敏感性分析，发现经济收入对BMI轨迹组的积极影响结果是稳健的。
收入越高，中国老年人出现超重或肥胖轨迹的风险越大。建议经济收入较高的老年人尤其需要干预和营养教育，以帮助他们获得健康生活方式的营养知识。经济收入对老年人BMI轨迹的积极影响为老年人肥胖的预防和控制提供了进一步的方向。
