Amaral Yasmin, Nardi Antonio Egidio, Marano Daniele, Carioca da Costa Ana Carolina, Moreira Maria Elisabeth
Postdoctoral Program-Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ), Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, Brazil.
National Institute of Women, Children and Adolescents Health Fernandes Figueira-Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 22250-020, Brazil.
Nutrients. 2024 Dec 31;17(1):130. doi: 10.3390/nu17010130.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to determine the percentage and duration of neutralizing antibodies against the Omicron variant in human milk after vaccination against SARS-CoV-2, considering the three different vaccine technologies approved in Brazil.
A cross-sectional study was conducted with lactating women who received the complete vaccination cycle with available vaccines (AstraZeneca, Pfizer, CoronaVac, and Janssen). The participants resided in Rio de Janeiro, and samples were collected from April to October 2022. Breast milk was analyzed for evidence of neutralizing antibodies using specific assays for the Omicron variant.
The results showed that all types of vaccines were effective in inducing neutralizing antibodies in breast milk regardless of the vaccine technology used. There was no significant difference between women receiving two or three doses. Exclusive breastfeeding was significantly associated with higher percentages of neutralizing antibodies in breast milk compared to non-exclusive breastfeeding.
These findings reinforce the importance of breastfeeding as a strategy to provide passive protection to infants, especially where vaccination for children under six months of age is not recommended.
背景/目的：本研究旨在确定在巴西批准的三种不同疫苗技术的情况下，接种新冠疫苗后母乳中针对奥密克戎变异株的中和抗体的百分比和持续时间。
对接受了可用疫苗（阿斯利康、辉瑞、科兴和国药）完整接种周期的哺乳期妇女进行了一项横断面研究。参与者居住在里约热内卢，样本于2022年4月至10月采集。使用针对奥密克戎变异株的特异性检测方法分析母乳中中和抗体的证据。
结果表明，无论使用何种疫苗技术，所有类型的疫苗都能有效诱导母乳中的中和抗体。接受两剂或三剂疫苗的女性之间没有显著差异。与非纯母乳喂养相比，纯母乳喂养与母乳中更高百分比的中和抗体显著相关。
这些发现强化了母乳喂养作为为婴儿提供被动保护策略的重要性，特别是在不建议为六个月以下儿童接种疫苗的情况下。
