Hejazi Keyvan, Iraj Zahra Ataran, Saeidi Ayoub, Hackney Anthony C, Laziri Fatiha, Suzuki Katsuhuko, Laher Ismail, Hassane Zouhal
Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran.
Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran.
Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2025 Apr;131:105737. doi: 10.1016/j.archger.2024.105737. Epub 2024 Dec 31.
Decreased physical activity and high blood pressure are both risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. Controlling blood pressure within the normal range can prevent or delay these complications. This systematic review and meta-analysis analyzed the effects of different types of exercise training on the blood pressure and lipid profiles of older adults patients with hypertension. Five electronic databases (Web of Science, Cochrane, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus) were searched from their inception until March 03, 2024. English publications and randomized controlled trials involving different types of exercise training treatments for hypertensive populations were included. Data were analyzed using a random-effects model to estimate weighted mean differences (WMD) and 95 % confidence intervals. The systematic search identified 1998 articles, of which 92 studies met the inclusion criteria and were deemed eligible for inclusion. The results of the meta-analysis indicated that reduced systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressures (DBP) after aerobic training (p < 0.01), resistance training (p < 0.01), combined (aerobic + resistance) exercise training (p < 0.01) and isometric handgrip training (p < 0.01). Significant reductions were also observed in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and triglyceride (TG) levels following combined (aerobic + resistance) exercise training (p < 0.05 and p < 0.001), and resistance training (p < 0.01), respectively. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels were increased following aerobic training (p < 0.01), and combined (aerobic + resistance) exercise training (p < 0.01), but not after resistance and Tai chi training. Isometric handgrip training leads to greater reductions in blood pressure in hypertensive patients compared to the effects of aerobic, resistance, combined aerobic and resistance exercise, and tai chi training. Additional studies are needed to determine the exercise prescription protocols to maximize the health of older adults patients with hypertension.
身体活动减少和高血压都是心血管疾病的危险因素。将血压控制在正常范围内可以预防或延缓这些并发症。本系统评价和荟萃分析分析了不同类型运动训练对老年高血压患者血压和血脂谱的影响。检索了五个电子数据库（科学网、考克兰、PubMed、谷歌学术和Scopus），从其创建到2024年3月3日。纳入了涉及高血压人群不同类型运动训练治疗的英文出版物和随机对照试验。使用随机效应模型分析数据，以估计加权平均差（WMD）和95%置信区间。系统检索确定了1998篇文章，其中92项研究符合纳入标准并被认为 eligible for inclusion。荟萃分析结果表明，有氧运动训练（p<0.01）、抗阻训练（p<0.01）、联合（有氧+抗阻）运动训练（p<0.01）和静力性握力训练（p<0.01）后收缩压（SBP）和舒张压（DBP）降低。联合（有氧+抗阻）运动训练（p<0.05和p<0.001）和抗阻训练（p<0.01）后，低密度脂蛋白（LDL）和甘油三酯（TG）水平也显著降低。有氧运动训练（p<0.01）和联合（有氧+抗阻）运动训练（p<0.01）后高密度脂蛋白（HDL）水平升高，但抗阻训练和太极拳训练后未升高。与有氧运动、抗阻运动、联合有氧和抗阻运动以及太极拳训练相比，静力性握力训练导致高血压患者血压降低幅度更大。需要进一步的研究来确定运动处方方案，以最大限度地提高老年高血压患者的健康水平。
