加纳阿散蒂地区部分地区参加产前保健诊所的孕妇中与孕期疟疾相关的因素。

Factors associated with malaria in pregnancy among women attending ANC clinics in selected districts of the Ashanti Region, Ghana.

作者信息

Abu Bonsra Emmanuel, Amankwah Osei Petra, Adjei Kyeremeh Emmanuel, Adama Stephen, Sekyi Akua Grace, King Elsie Fafa

机构信息

Department of Population and Behavioural Sciences, Fred N. Binka School of Public Health, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Hohoe, Ghana.

Family and Community Health, Fred N. Binka School of Public Health, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Hohoe, Ghana.

出版信息

Malar J. 2025 Jan 11;24(1):8. doi: 10.1186/s12936-025-05244-6.

DOI:10.1186/s12936-025-05244-6

PMID:39799328

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11724469/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Malaria is a disease deeply rooted in poverty. Malaria in pregnant women leads to severe complications, including low birth weight and neonatal mortality, which can adversely affect both mother and child. This study aimed to identify the factors associated with malaria in pregnancy among women attending antenatal care (ANC) clinics in three districts of the Ashanti Region, Ghana.

METHODS

A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1215 pregnant women selected through multi-stage sampling. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics, including regression analysis.

RESULTS

The self-reported prevalence of at least one episode of malaria was 76.7% (95% CI [74.1-79.3%]). Age, education, marital status, income, and religion were significantly associated with the prevalence of malaria among pregnant women, with a p-value < 0.001. Pregnant women aged 17-25 years were 10.26 times more likely to have malaria compared to other age groups (aOR = 10.26, 95% CI [4.52-11.05], p = 0.000). Women with no formal education had higher odds of malaria, being 15.10 times more likely to have malaria compared to those with tertiary education (aOR = 15.10, 95% CI [7.32-16.78], p = 0.002). Women not using insecticide-treated bed nets (ITNs) were 20 times more likely to have malaria compared to those who used ITNs (aOR = 20.0, 95% CI [7.04-21.03], p = 0.000).

CONCLUSION

Age, education, marital status, income, religion and insecticide-treated bed net (ITN) use significantly influence malaria prevalence in pregnancy. To achieve SDG 3 (Good Health and Well-being), particularly Target 3.1 (reducing maternal mortality) and Target 3.3 (ending malaria), the Ghana Health Service and Ministry of Health should prioritize expanding ITN distribution, educational campaigns, and targeted support for vulnerable groups to reduce malaria prevalence during pregnancy and improve maternal health outcomes.

摘要

背景

疟疾是一种深深植根于贫困的疾病。孕妇感染疟疾会导致严重并发症，包括低出生体重和新生儿死亡，这会对母婴双方产生不利影响。本研究旨在确定加纳阿散蒂地区三个区产前保健（ANC）诊所就诊的孕妇中与孕期疟疾相关的因素。

方法

通过多阶段抽样选取1215名孕妇进行横断面研究。使用结构化问卷收集数据，并采用描述性和推断性统计方法进行分析，包括回归分析。

结果

自我报告至少有一次疟疾发作的患病率为76.7%（95%置信区间[74.1 - 79.3%]）。年龄、教育程度、婚姻状况、收入和宗教与孕妇疟疾患病率显著相关，p值<0.001。17至25岁的孕妇患疟疾的可能性是其他年龄组的10.26倍（调整后比值比[aOR]=10.26，95%置信区间[4.52 - 11.05]，p = 0.000）。未接受正规教育的女性患疟疾的几率更高，与接受高等教育的女性相比，患疟疾的可能性是其15.10倍（aOR = 15.10，95%置信区间[7.32 - 16.78]，p = 0.002）。未使用经杀虫剂处理的蚊帐（ITN）的女性患疟疾的可能性是使用ITN女性的20倍（aOR = 20.0，95%置信区间[7.04 - 21.03]，p = 0.000）。

结论

年龄、教育程度、婚姻状况、收入、宗教和经杀虫剂处理的蚊帐（ITN）的使用显著影响孕期疟疾患病率。为实现可持续发展目标3（良好健康与福祉），特别是目标3.1（降低孕产妇死亡率）和目标3.3（消除疟疾），加纳卫生服务局和卫生部应优先扩大ITN的分发、开展教育活动，并为弱势群体提供有针对性的支持，以降低孕期疟疾患病率并改善孕产妇健康结局。