Yoshida Yuto, Hiratsuka Yoshimune, Umeya Reiko, Ono Koichi, Nakao Shintaro
Department of Ophthalmology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Ophthalmology, Juntendo Tokyo Koto Geriatric Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan.
J Alzheimers Dis. 2025 Feb;103(3):637-648. doi: 10.1177/13872877241304127. Epub 2025 Jan 12.
Sensory impairments have been linked to dementia. However, the impact of dual sensory impairment (DSI), combining both vision impairment and hearing impairment, on dementia has shown inconsistent results.
To systematically review the evidence on the association DSI and dementia.
A systematic literature search was conducted using MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library databases. Included studies were prospective or retrospective cohort studies and a case-control study. The primary outcome was the onset of dementia or its various subtypes, including Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD). Effect sizes, including hazard ratios (HRs), were pooled through a random-effects model.
A total of 11 observational studies with 346,659 participants were included. DSI was significantly associated with the incidence of dementia compared to no sensory impairment (9 studies; HR: 1.46; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.29-1.65). Among subtypes of dementia, DSI was associated with AD onset (4 studies; HR: 2.07; 95% CI: 1.45-2.94); however, this association was not found in VaD (2 studies; HR: 1.65; 95% CI: 0.96-2.85).
These findings suggest that DSI is significantly associated with an increased risk of dementia. Further research is required to identify preventive strategies to decrease the incidence of dementia in individuals with sensory impairment.
感觉障碍与痴呆症有关。然而，视力和听力双重感觉障碍（DSI）对痴呆症的影响结果并不一致。
系统评价DSI与痴呆症之间关联的证据。
使用MEDLINE、EMBASE和Cochrane图书馆数据库进行系统文献检索。纳入的研究为前瞻性或回顾性队列研究以及一项病例对照研究。主要结局是痴呆症或其各种亚型的发病，包括阿尔茨海默病（AD）和血管性痴呆（VaD）。通过随机效应模型汇总效应量，包括风险比（HRs）。
共纳入11项观察性研究，涉及346,659名参与者。与无感觉障碍相比，DSI与痴呆症发病率显著相关（9项研究；HR：1.46；95%置信区间[CI]：1.29 - 1.65）。在痴呆症亚型中，DSI与AD发病相关（4项研究；HR：2.07；95%CI：1.45 - 2.94）；然而，在VaD中未发现这种关联（2项研究；HR：1.65；95%CI：0.96 - 2.85）。
这些发现表明DSI与痴呆症风险增加显著相关。需要进一步研究以确定预防策略，以降低感觉障碍个体患痴呆症的发病率。
