Harada K, Mutsuda T, Saoyama N, Hamaguchi N, Shimada Y
J Appl Physiol (1985). 1985 Feb;58(2):339-45. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1985.58.2.339.
Total gas pressure in the pleural space is more subatmospheric than that in the alveolar cavity. This pressure difference minus elastic recoil pressure of the lung was termed stress pressure. We investigated the relationship between stress pressure and a force that would hold the lung against the chest wall to prevent accumulation of liquid. The condition was a pleural space with an enlarged pleural surface pressure. Dogs anesthetized with pentobarbital sodium were placed in a box maintained subatmospherically at approximately -30 cmH2O and breathed atmospheric air for 4 h. Liquid volume in the pleural space of the dogs was measured under conditions of thoracotomy. In the normal group, the volume of the pleural liquid was within the normal range of approximately 2.0 ml and the visceral and the parietal pleura made contact. In the pneumothorax group, established by injecting 50 ml of air into the pleural space, the liquid increased significantly in all cases by a mean value of approximately 12 ml. Thus pleural stress pressure seems to be an important force holding the lung against the chest wall and aiding in the control of accumulation of liquid in a more subatmospheric pleural space.
胸腔内的总气压比肺泡腔内的气压更低于大气压。这个压力差减去肺的弹性回缩压力被称为应力压力。我们研究了应力压力与一种使肺紧贴胸壁以防止液体积聚的力之间的关系。实验条件是胸膜表面压力增大的胸腔。用戊巴比妥钠麻醉的狗被放置在一个维持在约-30 cmH₂O负压的箱子里，并呼吸大气空气4小时。在开胸手术的条件下测量狗胸腔内的液体量。在正常组中，胸腔液体量在约2.0 ml的正常范围内，脏层胸膜和壁层胸膜相互接触。在气胸组中，通过向胸腔内注入50 ml空气建立气胸，所有病例中的液体均显著增加，平均值约为12 ml。因此，胸膜应力压力似乎是一种重要的力，可使肺紧贴胸壁，并有助于控制在气压更低的胸腔内液体的积聚。
