Hulbert W C, McLean T, Wiggs B, Paré P D, Hogg J C
J Appl Physiol (1985). 1985 Feb;58(2):625-34. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1985.58.2.625.
Histamine dose-response curves were performed on anesthetized tracheostomized guinea pigs that were paralyzed and mechanically ventilated at a constant tidal volume and breathing frequency. The dose was calculated by generating an aerosol of known concentration and measuring the volume delivered to the lung. Increasing the dose was accomplished by increasing the number of breaths of aerosol delivered. The response to each dose was determined by measuring the change in airway resistance (RL) and dynamic compliance (Cdyn) using the method of Von Neergaard and Wirz (Z. Klin. Med. 105: 51-82, 1927). With increasing doses of histamine, RL increased and reached a plateau at approximately five times the base-line value and Cdyn fell to approximately 20% of its initial value. The variability in the base-line and maximum response as well as the calculated sensitivity and reactivity was less than that previously reported. Propranolol pretreatment increased resting RL and shifted the dose-response curve for RL to the left of the controls, increasing reactivity but not sensitivity. Atropine shifted the dose-response curve to the right of the control, decreasing sensitivity but without changing reactivity. The data for Cdyn showed that atropine pretreatment caused a higher resting value and propranolol pretreatment a lower value at the highest histamine dose but no differences in either sensitivity or reactivity.
对麻醉状态下、行气管切开术、已麻痹并以恒定潮气量和呼吸频率进行机械通气的豚鼠进行组胺剂量反应曲线实验。通过产生已知浓度的气雾剂并测量输送至肺部的体积来计算剂量。通过增加输送气雾剂的呼吸次数来增加剂量。使用冯·尼加德和维尔茨的方法（《临床杂志》105:51 - 82,1927）测量气道阻力（RL）和动态顺应性（Cdyn）的变化，以确定对每一剂量的反应。随着组胺剂量增加，RL升高，并在约为基线值五倍时达到平台期，Cdyn降至其初始值的约20%。基线和最大反应的变异性以及计算得出的敏感性和反应性均低于先前报道。普萘洛尔预处理增加了静息RL，并使RL的剂量反应曲线向对照组左侧移动，增加了反应性但未增加敏感性。阿托品使剂量反应曲线向对照组右侧移动，降低了敏感性但未改变反应性。Cdyn的数据显示，在最高组胺剂量下，阿托品预处理导致静息值较高，普萘洛尔预处理导致静息值较低，但在敏感性或反应性方面均无差异。
