Song Jiaxiang, Huang Shuai, Linghu Xitao, Wu Hengpeng, Wen Zhenyu, Li Xiang, Huang Qiping, Xu Weikang, Wa Qingde
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Honghuagang District, Guizhou, China.
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Haizhu District, Guangdong, China.
PLoS One. 2025 Jan 13;20(1):e0314150. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0314150. eCollection 2025.
With the rise of bone tissue engineering (BET), 3D-printed HA/PCL scaffolds for bone defect repair have been extensively studied. However, little research has been conducted on the differences in osteogenic induction and regulation of macrophage (MPs) polarisation properties of HA/PCL scaffolds with different fibre orientations. Here, we applied 3D printing technology to prepare three sets of HA/PCL scaffolds with different fibre orientations (0-90, 0-90-135, and 0-90-45) to study the differences in physicochemical properties and to investigate the response effects of MPs and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) on scaffolds with different fibre orientations. The results showed that multi-angle staggered fibres affected the overall porosity and compressive strength of the scaffolds. Compared with the other two groups, the 0-90-45 scaffold induced osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs more significantly, while promoting the polarisation of MPs towards the M2 phenotype to form an osteogenic-friendly immune microenvironment. Unexpectedly, the 0-90-45 scaffold significantly upregulated the expression of angiogenic genes (PDGF, VEGF). Therefore, we conclude that the multi-angle interlaced fibres better mimic the physiological structure of cancellous bone, and that the excellent biomimetic properties reflect the best in vitro osteogenic, immunomodulatory and angiogenic effects. In conclusion, this study is a step forward in the exploration of BET scaffolds and provides a very promising bone filling material.
随着骨组织工程（BET）的兴起，用于骨缺损修复的3D打印HA/PCL支架已得到广泛研究。然而，关于不同纤维取向的HA/PCL支架在成骨诱导和巨噬细胞（MPs）极化特性调控方面的差异，相关研究较少。在此，我们应用3D打印技术制备了三组不同纤维取向（0-90、0-90-135和0-90-45）的HA/PCL支架，以研究其理化性质的差异，并探究MPs和骨髓间充质干细胞（BMSCs）对不同纤维取向支架的反应效应。结果表明，多角度交错纤维影响了支架的整体孔隙率和抗压强度。与其他两组相比，0-90-45支架更显著地诱导BMSCs的成骨分化，同时促进MPs向M2表型极化，形成有利于成骨的免疫微环境。出乎意料的是，0-90-45支架显著上调了血管生成基因（PDGF、VEGF）的表达。因此，我们得出结论，多角度交错纤维更好地模拟了松质骨的生理结构，其优异的仿生性能在体外成骨、免疫调节和血管生成效应方面表现最佳。总之，本研究在BET支架的探索方面迈出了一步，提供了一种非常有前景的骨填充材料。
