Allen Robyn S, Seifert Ashley W
Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA.
The Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center (SCoBIRC), University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA.
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2025 Feb;1544(1):5-26. doi: 10.1111/nyas.15281. Epub 2025 Jan 13.
Spiny mice (Acomys spp.) are warm-blooded (homeothermic) vertebrates whose ability to restore missing tissue through regenerative healing has coincided with the evolution of unique cellular and physiological adaptations across different tissue types. This review seeks to explore how these bizarre rodents deploy unique or altered injury response mechanisms to either enhance tissue repair or fully regenerate excised tissue compared to closely related, scar-forming mammals. First, we examine overall trends in healing Acomys tissues, including the cellular stress response, the ability to activate and maintain cell cycle progression, and the expression of certain features in reproductive adults that are normally associated with embryos. Second, we focus on specific cell types that exhibit precisely regulated proliferation to restore missing tissue. While Acomys utilize many of the same cell types involved in scar formation, these cells exhibit divergent activation profiles during regenerative healing. Considered together, current lines of evidence support sustained deployment of proregenerative pathways in conjunction with transient activation of fibrotic pathways to facilitate regeneration and improve tissue repair in Acomys.
刺毛鼠（Acomys spp.）是恒温脊椎动物，其通过再生愈合恢复缺失组织的能力与不同组织类型中独特的细胞和生理适应性的进化同时出现。本综述旨在探讨与密切相关的形成瘢痕的哺乳动物相比，这些奇特的啮齿动物如何利用独特或改变的损伤反应机制来增强组织修复或使切除的组织完全再生。首先，我们研究刺毛鼠组织愈合的总体趋势，包括细胞应激反应、激活和维持细胞周期进程的能力，以及生殖成年个体中通常与胚胎相关的某些特征的表达。其次，我们关注那些表现出精确调控的增殖以恢复缺失组织的特定细胞类型。虽然刺毛鼠利用许多与瘢痕形成相关的相同细胞类型，但这些细胞在再生愈合过程中表现出不同的激活模式。综合来看，目前的证据支持在刺毛鼠中持续部署促进再生的途径，并结合纤维化途径的短暂激活，以促进再生并改善组织修复。
