Bai Yihong, Cao Peiya, Kim Chungah, Ienciu Kristine, Selvaratnam Inthuja, Abramovich Alex, Jakubiec Brittany, Brennan David J, Chum Antony
School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Western University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Prev Med. 2025 Mar;192:108224. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108224. Epub 2025 Jan 11.
Activity limitations among transgender and non-binary individuals remain largely unexplored using population-based samples. This study examines the risk of activity limitations across different gender identities in Canada.
Using data from the 2021 Canadian long-form Census, logistic regressions estimated the adjusted odds of reporting activity limitations (seeing, hearing, mobility/dexterity, mental, cognitive, and other) across gender identities.
Non-binary individuals assigned female at birth (AFAB) had the highest predicted probability of reporting any activity limitations (76.13 %), followed by non-binary individuals assigned male at birth (AMAB) at 61.56 %, transgender men (44.71 %), and transgender women (34.41 %). Cisgender men (19.31 %) and cisgender women (21.98 %) had the lowest probabilities. Mental limitations showed the largest disparity, with 39.4 % of non-binary AFAB individuals affected, compared to 4.9 % of cisgender men. These findings highlight significant disparities in activity limitations across gender identities.
Non-binary and transgender individuals are most at risk for activity limitations. These findings underscore the need for targeted policies to address challenges faced by gender-diverse populations. Future research should investigate the mechanisms behind these disparities. Healthcare policies must prioritize culturally competent, transgender-inclusive care to reduce disparities in activity limitations.
使用基于人群的样本，跨性别者和非二元性别者的活动受限情况在很大程度上仍未得到充分研究。本研究调查了加拿大不同性别认同者活动受限的风险。
利用2021年加拿大长表普查数据，通过逻辑回归估计了不同性别认同者报告活动受限（视力、听力、行动能力/灵活性、心理、认知及其他方面）的调整后比值比。
出生时被指定为女性的非二元性别者报告任何活动受限的预测概率最高（76.13%），其次是出生时被指定为男性的非二元性别者，为61.56%，跨性别男性为44.71%，跨性别女性为34.41%。顺性别男性（19.31%）和顺性别女性（21.98%）的概率最低。心理方面的受限差异最大，39.4%的出生时被指定为女性的非二元性别者受到影响，而顺性别男性只有4.9%。这些发现凸显了不同性别认同者在活动受限方面的显著差异。
非二元性别者和跨性别者活动受限的风险最高。这些发现强调了制定针对性政策以应对性别多样化人群所面临挑战的必要性。未来的研究应探究这些差异背后的机制。医疗保健政策必须优先提供具备文化能力、包容跨性别者的护理，以减少活动受限方面的差异。
