Spaziante Martina, Leone Sara, D'Amato Maurizio, De Carli Gabriella, Tonziello Gilda, Malatesta Giorgio Nicolò, Agresta Alessandro, De Santis Claudia, Vantaggio Valentina, Pitti Giovanni, Fusco Maria Concetta, Piselli Pierluca, Barca Alessandra, Girardi Enrico, Scognamiglio Paola, Vairo Francesco
National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani" IRCCS, Via Portuense, Rome, 292-00149, Italy.
Directorate for Health and Social Policy, Lazio Region, Via R. Raimondi Garibaldi, 7, Rome, 00145, Italy.
BMC Public Health. 2025 Jan 13;25(1):132. doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-21256-4.
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) emergency has represented a profound upheaval in the dynamics of infectious diseases transmission worldwide. This phenomenon has been at least in part driven by the introduction of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs), implemented to counteract viral transmission. Our study aimed to assess the magnitude and the features of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the incidence of notifiable infectious diseases (NIDs) in the Lazio region, Italy.
Data on NIDs in the Lazio Region with symptom onset date included in the time interval from 1 January 2017 to 31 December 2023 were collected from different surveillance system databases available at SERESMI/Lazio Region Unit and classified into five categories based on the main transmission route of the disease. Descriptive statistics were performed and interrupted time series (ITS) analysis was used to assess the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent recovery period on monthly NIDs cases.
Immediately after the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, a significant, sharp and immediate reduction in monthly cases was recorded for all NIDs (-86.73%), regardless of the transmission route. The decrease was particularly significant for vector-borne, food-borne and respiratory-transmitted diseases (RDs), and in general in females. During the COVID-19 recovery phase, monthly cases of all NIDs showed a significant positive level change, particularly significant for sexually transmitted/blood-borne diseases, contact diseases and RDs.
The COVID-19 pandemic has been responsible for the disruption of all NIDs transmission patterns, while the magnitude and dynamics of its effects varied depending on the transmission route; furthermore, the impact of the pandemic wave was still noticeable during the post-COVID-19 era and the incidence trajectories of NIDs in this phase were peculiar for each disease category.
2019年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）疫情给全球传染病传播动态带来了深刻变革。这一现象至少部分是由为应对病毒传播而实施的非药物干预措施（NPIs）所驱动的。我们的研究旨在评估COVID-19大流行对意大利拉齐奥地区法定传染病（NIDs）发病率的影响程度和特征。
收集了拉齐奥地区2017年1月1日至2023年12月31日期间有症状发病日期的NIDs数据，这些数据来自SERESMI/拉齐奥地区部门的不同监测系统数据库，并根据疾病的主要传播途径分为五类。进行了描述性统计，并采用中断时间序列（ITS）分析来评估COVID-19大流行及随后的恢复期对每月NIDs病例的影响。
COVID-19大流行开始后，所有NIDs的每月病例数立即出现显著、急剧和即时的下降（-86.73%），无论传播途径如何。媒介传播、食源性和呼吸道传播疾病（RDs）的下降尤为显著，总体上女性的下降也很显著。在COVID-19恢复期，所有NIDs的每月病例数显示出显著的正向水平变化，特别是性传播/血源传播疾病、接触性疾病和RDs。
COVID-19大流行导致了所有NIDs传播模式的中断，但其影响的程度和动态因传播途径而异；此外，在COVID-19后时代，大流行浪潮的影响仍然明显，这一阶段各疾病类别的NIDs发病轨迹各具特点。
