Zhang Jiarui, Zhang Jinan, Yang Chen
Department of Pathology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 569 Xinsi Road, Xi'an, China.
J Transl Med. 2025 Jan 13;23(1):52. doi: 10.1186/s12967-024-06063-0.
Autophagy is responsible for maintaining cellular balance and ensuring survival. Autophagy plays a crucial role in the development of diseases, particularly human cancers, with actions that can either promote survival or induce cell death. However, brain tumors contribute to high levels of both mortality and morbidity globally, with resistance to treatments being acquired due to genetic mutations and dysregulation of molecular mechanisms, among other factors. Hence, having knowledge of the role of molecular processes in the advancement of brain tumors is enlightening, and the current review specifically examines the role of autophagy. The discussion would focus on the molecular pathways that control autophagy in brain tumors, and its dual role as a tumor suppressor and a supporter of tumor survival. Autophagy can control the advancement of different types of brain tumors like glioblastoma, glioma, and ependymoma, demonstrating its potential for treatment. Autophagy mechanisms can influence metastasis and drug resistance in glioblastoma, and there is a complex interplay between autophagy and cellular responses to stress like hypoxia and starvation. Autophagy can inhibit the growth of brain tumors by promoting apoptosis. Hence, focusing on autophagy could offer fresh perspectives on creating successful treatments.
自噬负责维持细胞平衡并确保细胞存活。自噬在疾病尤其是人类癌症的发展中起着关键作用，其作用既可以促进细胞存活，也可以诱导细胞死亡。然而，脑肿瘤在全球范围内导致了高死亡率和高发病率，由于基因突变和分子机制失调等因素，脑肿瘤会产生治疗抗性。因此，了解分子过程在脑肿瘤进展中的作用具有启发性，本综述特别探讨了自噬的作用。讨论将聚焦于控制脑肿瘤中自噬的分子途径，以及其作为肿瘤抑制因子和肿瘤存活促进因子的双重作用。自噬可以控制不同类型脑肿瘤（如胶质母细胞瘤、神经胶质瘤和室管膜瘤）的进展，显示出其治疗潜力。自噬机制可以影响胶质母细胞瘤的转移和耐药性，并且自噬与细胞对缺氧和饥饿等应激的反应之间存在复杂的相互作用。自噬可以通过促进细胞凋亡来抑制脑肿瘤的生长。因此，关注自噬可为开发成功的治疗方法提供新的视角。
