Sjödin Erica, Andersson Jonas, Nordendahl Maria, Wennberg Maria, Heldorsson Fjellström Lena, Lundholm Carolina, Söderberg Stefan, Oskarsson Viktor
Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Piteå Research Unit, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Skellefteå Research Unit, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
BMJ Open. 2024 Dec 20;14(12):e088162. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2024-088162.
To examine the 36-year trends in tobacco use in northern Sweden.
Cross-sectional analysis of the eight population-based surveys that constitute the northern Sweden MONICA study (1986, 1990, 1994, 1999, 2004, 2009, 2014 and 2022). Cigarette smoking and snus use were self-reported via questionnaires, and age-adjusted percentages of cigarette smoking (including occasional use) and snus use were calculated via logit models.
General population of Norrbotten and Västerbotten (the two northernmost counties of Sweden).
6678 women and 6320 men, aged 25 to 74 years, were included for analysis. A total of 191 participants were excluded due to missing data on either cigarette smoking or snus use.
Cigarette smoking decreased on a survey-to-survey basis, reaching a minimum in 2022 of 4.9% among men and 9.7% among women, corresponding to a percentage point change of 26.3 and 20.8, respectively, compared with 1986 (p<0.01). With respect to snus, the use increased steeply up until 1999 among men, after which it persisted around 25% to 30% (26.2% in 2022), with percentage point changes between 6.6 and 13.4 compared with 1986 (p<0.01). The percentage of female snus users was extremely low in the first surveys but increased continuously over time, reaching a maximum of 13.0% in 2022 and a percentage point change of 12.5 since 1986 (p<0.01). Cigarette smoking-but not snus use-was more common in Norrbotten than in Västerbotten in 2022 (p<0.01).
A substantial decline in cigarette smoking has occurred over time in northern Sweden, particularly among men and more notably in Västerbotten. In contrast, snus use has become increasingly common in both sexes and in both counties.
研究瑞典北部36年来的烟草使用趋势。
对构成瑞典北部莫尼卡研究的八项基于人群的调查（1986年、1990年、1994年、1999年、2004年、2009年、2014年和2022年）进行横断面分析。吸烟和使用鼻烟情况通过问卷调查自报，吸烟（包括偶尔吸烟）和使用鼻烟的年龄调整百分比通过logit模型计算。
北博滕和西博滕（瑞典最北部的两个县）的普通人群。
纳入6678名女性和6320名年龄在25至74岁之间的男性进行分析。共有191名参与者因吸烟或使用鼻烟数据缺失而被排除。
吸烟率在每次调查中均呈下降趋势，2022年降至最低点，男性为4.9%，女性为9.7%，与1986年相比，百分点变化分别为26.3和20.8（p<0.01）。关于鼻烟，男性的使用率在1999年之前急剧上升，之后一直维持在25%至30%左右（2022年为26.2%），与1986年相比，百分点变化在6.6至13.4之间（p<0.01）。在最初的调查中，女性鼻烟使用者的比例极低，但随着时间的推移持续上升，2022年达到最高值13.0%，自1986年以来百分点变化为12.5（p<0.01）。2022年，北博滕的吸烟率（而非鼻烟使用率）高于西博滕（p<0.01）。
随着时间的推移，瑞典北部的吸烟率大幅下降，尤其是在男性中，在西博滕更为明显。相比之下，鼻烟在男女两性和两个县的使用都越来越普遍。
