Liu ChengChing, Chen Angela Chia-Chen, Ling Jiying, Liu Charles, Zahry Nagwan, Ammigan Ravichandran, Kaur Loveleen
College of Nursing, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
College of Nursing, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA.
BMJ Open. 2024 Dec 20;14(12):e085377. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2024-085377.
Vaccination is the most effective strategy for preventing infectious diseases, yet it is underused in young adults. College students are important targets for the influenza vaccine given this population's low vaccination rates; however, limited research has focused on international college students' vaccination status. This study examined the relationships between the theory of planned behaviour (TPB; attitudes, perceived behavioural control (PBC) and subjective norms) and students' intention of receiving an influenza vaccine.
DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: A cross-sectional study was conducted with a convenience sample of 222 domestic students recruited via Amazon Mechanical Turk and 197 international students recruited through the Registrar's Office at a Midwest university.
International students had higher levels of PBC, intention and attitudes towards receiving an influenza vaccine compared with domestic students. Being Hispanic (β=-5.33; 95% CI -9.84 to -0.81, p=0.021), up-to-date vaccination status (β=-1.60; 95% CI -2.99 to -0.17, p=0.028) and identifying as smokers (β=-2.94; 95% CI -5.72 to -0.15, p=0.039) significantly lowered college students' intention. Attitudes (international: β=0.14; 95% CI 0.04 to 0.23, p=0.003; domestic: β=0.14; 95% CI 0.07 to 0.22, p<0.001), subjective norms (international: β=0.40; 95% CI 0.29 to 0.51, p<0.001; domestic: β=0.34; 95% CI 0.23 to 0.44 p<0.001), and PBC (international: β=0.09; 95% CI 0.004 to 0.18, p=0.042; domestic: β=0.10; 95% CI 0.01 to 0.19, p=0.019) were significantly associated with both domestic and international students' intention of receiving an influenza vaccine.
Findings support the TPB's potential utility to enhance domestic and international college students' influenza vaccination rates.
接种疫苗是预防传染病最有效的策略，但在年轻人中未得到充分利用。鉴于大学生群体的疫苗接种率较低，他们是流感疫苗的重要接种对象；然而，针对国际大学生疫苗接种状况的研究有限。本研究考察了计划行为理论（TPB；态度、感知行为控制（PBC）和主观规范）与学生接种流感疫苗意愿之间的关系。
设计、设置和参与者：采用横断面研究，通过亚马逊土耳其机器人平台招募了222名国内学生，并通过一所中西部大学注册办公室招募了197名国际学生作为便利样本。
与国内学生相比，国际学生对接种流感疫苗的感知行为控制、意愿和态度水平更高。西班牙裔身份（β=-5.33；95%CI -9.84至-0.81，p=0.021）、最新接种状况（β=-1.60；95%CI -2.99至-0.17，p=0.028）以及吸烟者身份（β=-2.94；95%CI -5.72至-0.15，p=0.039）显著降低了大学生的接种意愿。态度（国际学生：β=0.14；95%CI 0.04至0.23，p=0.003；国内学生：β=0.14；95%CI 0.07至0.22，p<0.001）、主观规范（国际学生：β=0.40；95%CI 0.29至0.51，p<0.001；国内学生：β=0.34；95%CI 0.23至0.44，p<0.001）以及感知行为控制（国际学生：β=0.09；95%CI 0.004至0.18，p=0.042；国内学生：β=0.10；95%CI 0.01至0.19，p=0.019）均与国内和国际学生接种流感疫苗的意愿显著相关。
研究结果支持计划行为理论在提高国内和国际大学生流感疫苗接种率方面的潜在效用。
