伊朗克尔曼地区艾滋病病毒感染者的低骨矿物质密度及其相关因素：一项2021 - 2022年的横断面研究

Low Bone Mineral Density and Associated Factors Among People Living With HIV in Kerman, Iran: A Cross-Sectional Study in 2021-2022.

作者信息

Rashidi Hamidreza, Mehmandoost Soheil, Fahimfar Noushin, Aghaei Meybodi Hamid Reza, Hosseinian Seyed Mohammad, Shirzad Noushin, Hajivalizade Fatemeh, Sanjari Mahnaz, Shakibi Mohammad Reza, Hasan Aghaei Tarlan, Yazdi Yahaabadi Farzaneh, Salajegheh Pouriya, Shafiee Gita, Razi Farideh, Ranjbar Ebrahim, McFarland Willi, Ostovar Afshin, Sharifi Hamid

机构信息

Hamidreza Rashidi, MD, is a Researcher, HIV/STI Surveillance Research Center, WHO Collaborating Center for HIV Surveillance, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.

Soheil Mehmandoost, MSc, is a PhD candidate and Researcher, HIV/STI Surveillance Research Center, WHO Collaborating Center for HIV Surveillance, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.

出版信息

J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care. 2025;36(2):98-107. doi: 10.1097/JNC.0000000000000521. Epub 2025 Jan 14.

DOI:10.1097/JNC.0000000000000521

PMID:39807800

Abstract

Chronic diseases such as osteoporosis and low bone mineral density (BMD) are significant public health concerns for people living with HIV (PLWH), especially with the increased life expectancy because of antiretroviral therapy (ART). This study evaluated the prevalence and associated factors of low BMD among 94 PLWH in Kerman, Iran, from September 2021 to February 2022. Using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, BMD was measured, with low BMD defined by specific T-scores and Z-scores. Predictors were assessed through interviews, medical records, and blood tests. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression models identified associations between low BMD and various factors. The study found a 51.1% prevalence of low BMD, with significant associations with hypogonadism (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 3.19), longer ART duration (aOR per month: 1.02), and lower body mass index (aOR per unit: 0.83). The findings highlight the need for regular screening and timely intervention for low BMD among PLWH, particularly with prolonged ART use.

摘要

骨质疏松症和低骨矿物质密度（BMD）等慢性病是艾滋病毒感染者（PLWH）面临的重大公共卫生问题，尤其是在抗逆转录病毒疗法（ART）使预期寿命延长的情况下。本研究评估了2021年9月至2022年2月期间伊朗克尔曼94名艾滋病毒感染者中低骨矿物质密度的患病率及相关因素。使用双能X线吸收法测量骨矿物质密度，低骨矿物质密度由特定的T值和Z值定义。通过访谈、病历和血液检测评估预测因素。双变量和多变量逻辑回归模型确定了低骨矿物质密度与各种因素之间的关联。研究发现低骨矿物质密度的患病率为51.1%，与性腺功能减退（调整优势比[aOR]：3.19）、抗逆转录病毒治疗时间延长（每月aOR：1.02）和较低的体重指数（每单位aOR：0.83）存在显著关联。研究结果强调了对艾滋病毒感染者进行低骨矿物质密度定期筛查和及时干预的必要性，尤其是在长期使用抗逆转录病毒治疗的情况下。