Kessler M, Vojtíšek T, Zeman T, Krajsa J, Srník M, Dziedzinska R, Šerý O
Laboratory of Neurobiology and Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
Physiol Res. 2024 Dec 31;73(S3):S715-S725. doi: 10.33549/physiolres.935475.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been associated with significant cardiovascular complications, including myocardial infection and pulmonary embolism. This study aims to elucidate the relationship between the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in the myocardium of the left ventricle and the levels of IgG and IgM antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 virus in deceased COVID-19 patients. We conducted a post-mortem examination on 91 individuals who succumbed to COVID-19-related complications. The presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in the myocardium of the left ventricle was analyzed reverse transcription real time PCR (RT-qPCR) (EliGene® COVID19 UKV/SAV RT kit, Elisabeth Pharmacon), and antibody levels in serum were analyzed by serological assays (VIDAS SARS-COV-2 IgM and VIDAS SARS-COV-2 IgG II tests, BioMérieux). Of the heart tissue samples, 44 % tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 RNA. Our findings indicate that any detectable level of IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 reduces the risk of viral penetration into the myocardium by more than fourfold. Specifically, individuals with detectable levels of IgG and IgM antibodies exhibited a significantly reduced presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in cardiac tissues (p<0.0001 for IgG and p<0.001 for IgM). Notably, all patients who died from pulmonary embolism had elevated levels of IgG antibodies. The study underscores the protective role of IgG and IgM antibodies in preventing SARS-CoV-2 penetration into cardiac tissues. However, high antibody titers were associated with fatal outcomes such as pulmonary embolism, pointing to the intricate balance of immune response in COVID-19 pathology. Key words SARS-CoV-2, Antibody, IgG, IgM, Cardiac damage, qPCR, Pneumonia, Pulmonary embolism, Heart failure.
严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）与严重的心血管并发症有关，包括心肌感染和肺栓塞。本研究旨在阐明新冠病毒疾病（COVID-19）死亡患者左心室心肌中SARS-CoV-2 RNA的存在与抗SARS-CoV-2病毒的IgG和IgM抗体水平之间的关系。我们对91例死于COVID-19相关并发症的个体进行了尸检。采用逆转录实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应（RT-qPCR）（EliGene® COVID19 UKV/SAV RT试剂盒，伊丽莎白制药公司）分析左心室心肌中SARS-CoV-2 RNA的存在情况，并用血清学检测法（VIDAS SARS-COV-2 IgM和VIDAS SARS-COV-2 IgG II检测，生物梅里埃公司）分析血清中的抗体水平。在心脏组织样本中，44%的样本SARS-CoV-2 RNA检测呈阳性。我们的研究结果表明，任何可检测到的抗SARS-CoV-2 IgG抗体水平都能将病毒侵入心肌的风险降低四倍以上。具体而言，IgG和IgM抗体水平可检测到的个体，其心脏组织中SARS-CoV-2 RNA的存在显著减少（IgG的p<0.0001，IgM的p<0.001）。值得注意的是，所有死于肺栓塞的患者IgG抗体水平均升高。该研究强调了IgG和IgM抗体在防止SARS-CoV-2侵入心脏组织方面的保护作用。然而，高抗体滴度与肺栓塞等致命结局相关，这表明在COVID-19病理学中免疫反应存在复杂的平衡。关键词：SARS-CoV-2、抗体、IgG、IgM、心脏损伤、qPCR、肺炎、肺栓塞、心力衰竭
