Duan Suqin, Hou Jinghan, Li Yanyan, Sun Wenting, Li Mingxue, Chen Lixiong, Xu Hongjie, Jin Weihua, Liu Quan, Tang Jie, Deng Zijun, Yang Fengmei, He Zhanlong
Institute of Medical Biology Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Peking Union Medical College Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research Development on Severe Infectious Disease Medical Primate Research Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Kunming, China.
Animal Model Exp Med. 2025 Apr;8(4):674-684. doi: 10.1002/ame2.12500. Epub 2025 Jan 14.
Non-human primates (NPHs), such as rhesus macaques, cynomolgus monkeys, and Assamese macaques, play a crucial role in biomedical research. However, baseline cytokine and electrolyte data for these three species, particularly data stratified by age and sex, are limited. Therefore, the aim of this study was to establish and analyze age- and sex-specific cytokine and electrolyte profiles in these three species.
This study included 40 rhesus macaques (21 males, 19 females), 33 cynomolgus monkeys (17 males, 16 females), and 45 Assamese macaques (25 males, 20 females) classified by age (1-5 years, 6-12 years, >13 years) and sex. The levels of 23 immune function indicators and 5 electrolyte indicators were measured.
Among the three monkey species, the levels of sCD40L, IL-18, MCP-1, MIP-1β, TGFa, K, Na, and Cl exhibited species-, sex-, and age-related differences. Comparison within the same species，sex had no significant impact on cytokine levels in NHPs but did affect electrolyte levels, particularly Cl and Na levels, in cynomolgus monkeys and Assamese macaques. Electrolyte levels in NHPs were not affected by age, whereas the levels of certain cytokines, particularly sCD40L, GM-CSF, and IL-10, varied with age. The remaining 21 cytokines demonstrated no significant age-related changes.
Significant variations in cytokine and electrolyte levels exist among different monkey species, sexes, and age groups. This research provides valuable resources for NHP researchers and sets the stage for further exploring the impacts of sex and age on NHP physiology and immune function.
非人灵长类动物（NPHs），如恒河猴、食蟹猴和阿萨姆猕猴，在生物医学研究中发挥着关键作用。然而，这三个物种的基线细胞因子和电解质数据，尤其是按年龄和性别分层的数据有限。因此，本研究的目的是建立并分析这三个物种中年龄和性别特异性的细胞因子和电解质谱。
本研究纳入了40只恒河猴（21只雄性，19只雌性）、33只食蟹猴（17只雄性，16只雌性）和45只阿萨姆猕猴（25只雄性，20只雌性），并按年龄（1 - 5岁、6 - 12岁、>13岁）和性别进行分类。测量了23种免疫功能指标和5种电解质指标的水平。
在这三种猴类中，可溶性CD40配体（sCD40L）、白细胞介素-18（IL-18）、单核细胞趋化蛋白-1（MCP-1）、巨噬细胞炎性蛋白-1β（MIP-1β）、转化生长因子α（TGFα）、钾（K）、钠（Na）和氯（Cl）的水平呈现出物种、性别和年龄相关的差异。在同一物种内进行比较，性别对非人灵长类动物的细胞因子水平没有显著影响，但对食蟹猴和阿萨姆猕猴的电解质水平有影响，尤其是氯和钠的水平。非人灵长类动物的电解质水平不受年龄影响，而某些细胞因子的水平，特别是sCD40L、粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子（GM-CSF）和白细胞介素-10（IL-）会随年龄变化。其余21种细胞因子未显示出与年龄相关的显著变化。
不同猴类物种、性别和年龄组之间的细胞因子和电解质水平存在显著差异。本研究为非人灵长类动物研究人员提供了有价值的资源，并为进一步探索性别和年龄对非人灵长类动物生理学和免疫功能的影响奠定了基础
