Radin Rachel M, Vacarro Julie, Fromer Elena, Ahmadi Sarah E, Guan Joanna Y, Fisher Sarah M, Pressman Sarah D, Hunter John F, Sweeny Kate, Tomiyama A Janet, Hofschneider Lauren Tiongco, Zawadzki Matthew J, Gavrilova Larisa, Epel Elissa S, Prather Aric A
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco.
Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs.
JAMA Netw Open. 2025 Jan 2;8(1):e2454435. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.54435.
Mindfulness meditation may improve well-being among employees; however, effects of digital meditation programs are poorly understood.
To evaluate the effects of digital meditation vs a waiting list condition on general and work-specific stress and whether greater engagement in the intervention moderates these effects.
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This randomized clinical trial included a volunteer sample of adults (aged ≥18 years) employed at a large academic medical center who reported mild to moderate stress, had regular access to a web-connected device, and were fluent in English. Exclusion criteria included being a regular meditator. Participants were recruited from May 16, 2018, through September 28, 2019, and completed baseline, 8-week, and 4-month measures assessing stress, job strain, burnout, work engagement, mindfulness, depression, and anxiety. Data were analyzed from March 2023 to October 2024.
Participants were randomized 1:1 to a digital meditation program or the waiting list control condition. Participants in the intervention group were instructed to complete 10 minutes of meditation per day for 8 weeks. The control group was instructed to continue their normal activities and not add any meditation during the study period.
The primary outcome measure was change in Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) score at 8 weeks. Secondary outcome measures included changes in job strain, measured as work effort-reward imbalance.
A total of 1458 participants (mean [SD] age, 35.54 [10.30] years; 1178 [80.80%] female) were included. Those randomized to meditation (n = 728) vs waiting list (n = 730) showed improvements in PSS (Cohen d, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.73-0.96) and in all secondary outcome measures (eg, job strain: Cohen d, 0.34; 95% CI, 0.23-0.46) at 8 weeks. These improvements were maintained at 4 months after randomization (PSS: Cohen d, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.59-0.84; job strain: Cohen d, 0.37; 95% CI, 0.25-0.50). Those using the app from 5 to 9.9 min/d vs less than 5 min/d showed greater reduction in stress (mean PSS score difference, -6.58; 95% CI, -7.44 to -5.73).
The findings suggest that a brief, digital mindfulness-based program is an easily accessible and scalable method for reducing perceptions of stress. Future work should seek to clarify mechanisms by which such interventions contribute to improvements in work-specific well-being.
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03527303.
正念冥想可能会改善员工的幸福感；然而，数字冥想项目的效果却鲜为人知。
评估数字冥想与等待列表状态对一般压力和工作特定压力的影响，以及干预参与度的提高是否会调节这些影响。
设计、背景和参与者：这项随机临床试验纳入了在一家大型学术医疗中心工作的成年人（年龄≥18岁）志愿者样本，他们报告有轻度至中度压力，能定期使用联网设备，且英语流利。排除标准包括经常冥想者。参与者于2018年5月16日至2019年9月28日招募，并完成了评估压力、工作压力、倦怠、工作投入、正念、抑郁和焦虑的基线、8周和4个月测量。数据于2023年3月至2024年10月进行分析。
参与者按1:1随机分为数字冥想项目组或等待列表对照组。干预组的参与者被指示每天进行10分钟冥想，持续8周。对照组被指示继续其正常活动，在研究期间不增加任何冥想。
主要结局指标是8周时感知压力量表（PSS）评分的变化。次要结局指标包括工作压力的变化，以工作努力 - 回报失衡来衡量。
共纳入1458名参与者（平均[标准差]年龄，35.54[10.30]岁；1178名[80.80%]女性）。随机分配到冥想组（n = 728）与等待列表组（n = 730）的参与者在8周时PSS（Cohen d，0.85；95%置信区间，0.73 - 0.96）以及所有次要结局指标（如工作压力：Cohen d，0.34；95%置信区间，0.23 - 0.46）均有改善。这些改善在随机分组后4个月时得以维持（PSS：Cohen d，0.71；95%置信区间，0.5 9 - 0.84；工作压力：Cohen d，0.37；95%置信区间，0.25 - 0.50）。每天使用应用程序5至9.9分钟的参与者与每天使用少于5分钟的参与者相比，压力降低幅度更大（平均PSS评分差异，-6.58；95%置信区间，-7.44至-5.73）。
研究结果表明，一个简短的基于数字正念的项目是一种易于获取且可扩展的减轻压力感知的方法。未来的工作应致力于阐明此类干预措施有助于改善工作特定幸福感的机制。
ClinicalTrials.gov标识符：NCT03527303。
