Cui Liying, Li Shaoping, Zhang Hengshuo
School of Economics and Management, Northeastern Petroleum University, Daqing, China.
PLoS One. 2025 Jan 14;20(1):e0317031. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0317031. eCollection 2025.
Energy and water are interlinked and inseparable resources of vital importance to the survival and development of human society. Exploring the relationship between energy and water is of great practical significance for the sustainable development of resources. The uneven regional distribution of energy and water in China has exacerbated energy-related water shortages. Base on the water footprint of energy (WFE), this paper takes Northeast China, the old industrial base, as the research object, and explores the regional distribution characteristics and development trend of WFE, so as to provide quantitative basis for the development of regional energy transformation in coordination with energy and water. This study uses the ISO model and the decoupling model, and analyzes the spatial and temporal changes in the water footprint (WF) of energies and the decoupling effects in Northeast China from the perspective of energy production. The findings show: (1) the WFE grew slowly, and the WF of power gradually exceeded that of fossil energy; (2) the spatial distribution of WFE was unbalanced, with higher WF of fossil energy in Heilongjiang and higher WF of power in Jilin and Liaoning; (3) the decoupling status of WFE from GDP was better than that of WFE from total water consumption. This study also analyzes the driving factors of indicators of water endowment, economic development, energy consumption, environmental governance and life quality, on the WFE based on the Lasso model, and provide policy implications for the coordinated development of energy and water in Northeast China.
能源和水是相互关联且不可分割的资源，对人类社会的生存和发展至关重要。探究能源与水之间的关系对于资源的可持续发展具有重大现实意义。中国能源和水资源的区域分布不均衡，加剧了与能源相关的水资源短缺问题。基于能源水足迹（WFE），本文以老工业基地东北地区为研究对象，探究能源水足迹的区域分布特征和发展趋势，为区域能源转型与能源和水协调发展提供定量依据。本研究运用ISO模型和脱钩模型，从能源生产角度分析东北地区能源水足迹（WF）的时空变化及脱钩效应。研究结果表明：（1）能源水足迹增长缓慢，电力水足迹逐渐超过化石能源水足迹；（2）能源水足迹空间分布不均衡，黑龙江省化石能源水足迹较高，吉林省和辽宁省电力水足迹较高；（3）能源水足迹与GDP的脱钩状况优于与总用水量的脱钩状况。本研究还基于Lasso模型分析了水资源禀赋、经济发展、能源消费、环境治理和生活质量等指标对能源水足迹的驱动因素，并为东北地区能源与水的协调发展提供政策建议。
