Gholami Keykavos, Izadi Mehrnaz, Heshmat Ramin, Aghamir Seyed Mohammad Kazem
Urology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Stem Cells Technology and Tissue Regeneration, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
Tissue Cell. 2025 Apr;93:102726. doi: 10.1016/j.tice.2025.102726. Epub 2025 Jan 7.
Research and tools are necessary for understanding prostate cancer biology. 3D cell culture models have been created to overcome the limitations of animal models and 2D cell culture. The amniotic membrane (AM), a natural biomaterial, emerges as an ideal scaffold for 3D cultures due to its accessibility and incorporation of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in both solid and liquid forms.
In this study, decellularized human amniotic membranes (DAM) and AM hydrogel were obtained and characterized. The solid DAM scaffold was employed to analyse cell proliferation, cell cycle, migration, apoptosis, and the content of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) proteins in prostate cancer cells in comparison to traditional 2D culture conditions under androgen deprivation treatment. Additionally, the liquid form of AM was assessed for its potential for 3D cultures of prostate cancer cells such as cells embedded in ECM, spheroid encapsulation, and invasion, with a parallel comparison to collagen.
The 3D DAM scaffold significantly impacted cancer cell migration, morphology, proliferation, and EMT protein expression compared to 2D models. AM hydrogel effectively preserved the structural integrity of spheroids and led to lower proliferated cells embedded in AM hydrogel compared to 2D culture. AM hydrogel, like collagen, has the potential to be utilized for simulating in vitro cellular invasion from the ECM.
In summary, the potential of the biomaterial of DAM and AM hydrogel in creating 3D culture models, combined with the brief duration required for decellularizing the AM, suggests that these materials offer an ideal tool for in vitro prostate cancer research.
研究和工具对于理解前列腺癌生物学至关重要。已创建3D细胞培养模型以克服动物模型和2D细胞培养的局限性。羊膜（AM）作为一种天然生物材料，因其可及性以及以固体和液体形式包含细胞外基质（ECM），而成为3D培养的理想支架。
在本研究中，获取并表征了脱细胞人羊膜（DAM）和AM水凝胶。与传统2D培养条件相比，在雄激素剥夺治疗下，使用固体DAM支架分析前列腺癌细胞的细胞增殖、细胞周期、迁移、凋亡以及上皮-间质转化（EMT）蛋白的含量。此外，评估了AM的液体形式用于前列腺癌细胞3D培养的潜力，如细胞包埋于ECM、球体包裹和侵袭，并与胶原蛋白进行平行比较。
与2D模型相比，3D DAM支架显著影响癌细胞的迁移、形态、增殖和EMT蛋白表达。与2D培养相比，AM水凝胶有效保持了球体的结构完整性，并导致包埋于AM水凝胶中的增殖细胞减少。AM水凝胶与胶原蛋白一样，有潜力用于模拟体外细胞从ECM的侵袭。
总之，DAM和AM水凝胶生物材料在创建3D培养模型方面的潜力，加上脱细胞处理AM所需的时间较短，表明这些材料为体外前列腺癌研究提供了理想工具。
