Schick Valentin, Lieb Marietta, Borho Andrea, Morawa Eva, Geiser Franziska, Beschoner Petra, Jerg-Bretzke Lucia, Albus Christian, Steudte-Schmiedgen Susann, Baranowski Andreas M, Mogwitz Sabine, Erim Yesim
Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany.
Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Bonn, Germany.
J Clin Nurs. 2025 Oct;34(10):4095-4104. doi: 10.1111/jocn.17608. Epub 2025 Jan 14.
Health care workers (HCW) with post-COVID condition (PCC) are frequently reported to suffer from mental health impairment. Given HCW above-average risk for mental health, research is necessary and risk factors need to be assessed.
To compare mental health and health of German HCW with and without PCC and to identify associated psychological and social factors.
Cross-sectional study.
Overall, 2816 German HCW participated (332 reported PCC). Measures were post-COVID condition symptom sum score (PCSS), symptoms of depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-2), anxiety (Generalised Anxiety Disorder-2) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms (Impact of Event Scale-6), work-family conflict (Work-Family Conflict Scale), social support (ENRICHD Social Support Inventory), sense of coherence (Sense Of Coherence-3 Scale) and working conditions. Group differences of HCW with and without PCC were investigated. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed for HCW with PCC. PCSS was the dependent variable. Independent variables were a.m. measures and age, gender, occupational group and migration background.
HCW with PCC exhibited higher values, with medium effect sizes, for symptoms of depression, anxiety and PTSD. Small effect sizes were observed for work-family conflict, social support, sense of coherence and working conditions. Higher PCSS scores were associated with higher depression, anxiety, PTSD and work-family conflict levels, lower social support and sense of coherence and migration background. Being a physician was associated with lower PCSS.
Lower mental health, social factors and resources may play a role in reporting severe post-COVID symptoms. Further research is necessary to investigate these interactions using the biopsychosocial theory.
This study can help to understand PCC in HCW to design adjusted treatments and protect HCW from PCC and minimise their risk of PCC.
This study complies with the Journal article reporting standards for quantitative research in psychology: The APA Publications and Communications Board task force report (Data S1).
Caregivers are the sample group.
据报道，患有新冠后状况（PCC）的医护人员经常出现心理健康受损的情况。鉴于医护人员心理健康风险高于平均水平，有必要进行研究并评估风险因素。
比较有和没有PCC的德国医护人员的心理健康状况和健康状况，并确定相关的心理和社会因素。
横断面研究。
共有2816名德国医护人员参与（332人报告患有PCC）。测量指标包括新冠后状况症状总分（PCSS）、抑郁症状（患者健康问卷-2）、焦虑症状（广泛性焦虑障碍-2）和创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）症状（事件影响量表-6）、工作-家庭冲突（工作-家庭冲突量表）、社会支持（ENRICHD社会支持量表）、连贯感（连贯感-3量表）和工作条件。对有和没有PCC的医护人员的组间差异进行了调查。对患有PCC的医护人员进行了多元线性回归分析。PCSS为因变量。自变量为上午测量指标以及年龄、性别、职业组和移民背景。
患有PCC的医护人员在抑郁、焦虑和PTSD症状方面表现出较高的值，效应量为中等。在工作-家庭冲突、社会支持、连贯感和工作条件方面观察到的效应量较小。较高的PCSS分数与较高的抑郁、焦虑、PTSD和工作-家庭冲突水平、较低的社会支持和连贯感以及移民背景相关。身为医生与较低的PCSS相关。
较低的心理健康水平、社会因素和资源可能在报告严重的新冠后症状中起作用。有必要进一步研究，以使用生物心理社会理论来调查这些相互作用。
本研究有助于了解医护人员的PCC，以设计调整后的治疗方法，并保护医护人员免受PCC影响，将其患PCC的风险降至最低。
本研究符合心理学定量研究的《期刊文章报告标准》：美国心理学会出版与传播委员会特别工作组报告（数据S1）。
护理人员为样本群体。
