游离龈瓣大小对后牙种植术后收缩的影响：一项前瞻性平行队列研究。

Effect of free gingival graft dimension on postsurgical shrinkage in posterior implant placement: A prospective parallel cohort study.

作者信息

Wei Ning, Han Ziyao, Wei Yiping, Hu Wenjie, Chung Kwok-Hung

机构信息

Postdoctoral student, Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, PR China.

Attending, Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, PR China.

出版信息

J Prosthet Dent. 2025 Jan 13. doi: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2024.12.011.

DOI:10.1016/j.prosdent.2024.12.011

PMID:39809623

Abstract

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM

The impact of free gingival graft (FGG) dimensions on the postsurgical shrinkage of keratinized tissue width (KTW) and surface area in posterior implant sites is unclear. Standardized assessments of how graft dimensions influence KTW and surface area shrinkage rates over a 6-month period after FGG are lacking.

PURPOSE

The purpose of this prospective parallel cohort study was to examine the impact of the graft dimensions on the postsurgical shrinkage of KTW and surface area over a 6-month follow-up period after FGG in the posterior regions.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

Thirty partially edentulous participants with insufficient buccal KTW in the posterior regions were recruited. Before implant placement, participants received FGG procedures and were categorized into single-tooth and dual-tooth groups according to the range of recipient area. Intraoral scanning was performed before and after FGG and at subsequent follow-ups for 6 months. The KTW and surface area shrinkage rates of the grafted area were calculated and statistically analyzed by using the Student t test and ANOVA, and Bonferroni post hoc tests were performed to compare the shrinkage rate of KTW at various edentulous sites (α=.05).

RESULTS

The mean ±standard deviation KTW shrinkage rate was 18.84 ±5.11% over 6 months postoperatively, and the mean ±standard deviation SA shrinkage rate was 21.53 ±5.70%. The dual-tooth group had a statistically significantly higher KTW shrinkage rate (28.42 ±2.46%) when the second molar edentulous sites were involved (P<.05). Differences in surface area shrinkage rates between the single-tooth and dual-tooth groups over 6 months were statistically similar (P=.239). However, grafts in the second molar area exhibited significantly higher surface area shrinkage rates compared with those at the premolar and first molar areas (P<.001).

CONCLUSIONS

The dimension of free gingival graft tissues did not significantly affect surface area shrinkage rates, and a mean 25% shrinkage rate occurred in the second molar areas.

摘要

问题陈述

游离龈瓣移植术（FGG）的尺寸对后牙种植位点角化组织宽度（KTW）和表面积的术后收缩的影响尚不清楚。目前缺乏关于FGG术后6个月内移植尺寸如何影响KTW和表面积收缩率的标准化评估。

目的

本前瞻性平行队列研究的目的是在FGG术后6个月的随访期内，研究移植尺寸对后牙区域KTW和表面积术后收缩的影响。

材料与方法

招募了30名后牙颊侧KTW不足的部分牙列缺损参与者。在种植体植入前，参与者接受FGG手术，并根据受植区范围分为单牙组和双牙组。在FGG术前、术后以及随后6个月的随访中进行口内扫描。计算移植区的KTW和表面积收缩率，并使用Student t检验和方差分析进行统计分析，采用Bonferroni事后检验比较不同无牙位点的KTW收缩率（α = 0.05）。

结果

术后6个月，KTW的平均±标准差收缩率为18.84±5.11%，表面积的平均±标准差收缩率为21.53±5.70%。当涉及第二磨牙无牙位点时，双牙组的KTW收缩率在统计学上显著更高（28.42±2.46%）（P < 0.05）。单牙组和双牙组在6个月内的表面积收缩率差异在统计学上相似（P = 0.239）。然而，与前磨牙和第一磨牙区域相比，第二磨牙区域的移植组织表面积收缩率显著更高（P < 0.001）。