Department of Oral Surgery and Implantology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt, Carolinum, Frankfurt, Germany.
Post-Graduate Program in Implant Dentistry (PPGO), Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
J Periodontol. 2021 Mar;92(3):400-408. doi: 10.1002/JPER.19-0640. Epub 2020 Aug 21.
The present study aimed to assess the three-dimensional changes following soft tissue augmentation using free gingival grafts (FGG) at implant sites over a 3-month follow-up period.
This study included 12 patients exhibiting deficient keratinized tissue (KT) width (i.e., <2 mm) at the vestibular aspect of 19 implants who underwent soft tissue augmentation using FGG at second stage surgery following implant placement. Twelve implants were considered for the statistical analysis (n = 12). The region of interest (ROI) was intraorally scanned before surgery (S0), immediately post-surgery (S1), 30 (S2) and 90 (S3) days after augmentation. Digital scanned files were used for quantification of FGG surface area (SA) and converted to standard tessellation language (STL) format for superimposition and evaluation of thickness changes between the corresponding time points. FGG shrinkage (%) in terms of SA and thickness was calculated between the assessed time points.
Mean FGG SA amounted to 91 (95% CI: 63 to 119), 76.2 (95% CI: 45 to 106), and 61.3 (95% CI: 41 to 81) mm at S1, S2, and S3, respectively. Mean FGG SA shrinkage rate was 16.3% (95% CI: 3 to 29) from S1 to S2 and 33% (95% CI: 19 to 46) from S1 to S3. Mean thickness gain from baseline (S0) to S1, S2, and S3 was 1.31 (95% CI: 1.2 to 1.4), 0.82 (95% CI: 0.5 to 1.12), and 0.37 (0.21 to 0.5) mm, respectively. FGG thickness shrinkage was of 38% (95% CI: 17.6 to 58) from S1 to S2 and 71.8% (95% CI: 60 to 84) from S1 to S3. Dimensional changes from S1 to S3 were statistically significant, P <0.017. Soft tissue healing was uneventful in all patients.
The present three-dimensional assessment suggests that FGG undergo significant dimensional changes in SA and thickness over a 3-month healing period.
本研究旨在评估在种植体部位使用游离龈瓣移植（FGG）进行软组织增量后 3 个月的三维变化。
本研究纳入了 19 个种植体中角化组织（KT）宽度不足（<2mm）的 12 名患者，在种植体植入后二期手术中使用 FGG 进行软组织增量。有 12 个种植体被纳入统计分析（n=12）。在手术前（S0）、手术后即刻（S1）、30 天（S2）和 90 天（S3），对感兴趣区域（ROI）进行口腔内扫描。数字化扫描文件用于 FGG 表面积（SA）的定量，并转换为标准三角测量语言（STL）格式，以在相应时间点进行叠加和厚度变化评估。在评估时间点之间计算 FGG 表面积（SA）和厚度的收缩率（%）。
S1、S2 和 S3 时 FGG 的平均 SA 分别为 91（95%CI：63 至 119）、76.2（95%CI：45 至 106）和 61.3（95%CI：41 至 81）mm。从 S1 到 S2，FGF 的平均 SA 收缩率为 16.3%（95%CI：3 至 29），从 S1 到 S3 为 33%（95%CI：19 至 46）。从基线（S0）到 S1、S2 和 S3，FGG 的平均厚度增加量分别为 1.31（95%CI：1.2 至 1.4）、0.82（95%CI：0.5 至 1.12）和 0.37（0.21 至 0.5）mm。从 S1 到 S2，FGG 的平均厚度收缩率为 38%（95%CI：17.6 至 58），从 S1 到 S3 为 71.8%（95%CI：60 至 84）。从 S1 到 S3 的三维变化具有统计学意义，P<0.017。所有患者的软组织愈合均无异常。
本三维评估表明，FGG 在 3 个月的愈合期内，SA 和厚度均发生显著的三维变化。
