Zhao Peizhen, Liang Peng, Wang Jinshen, Xu Wenqian, Huang Shujie, Wang Cheng
Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510095, China.
Southern Medical University Institute for Global Health, Guangzhou, China.
BMC Public Health. 2025 Jan 15;25(1):158. doi: 10.1186/s12889-025-21318-1.
Chlamydia is common among women of reproductive age and can cause serious health issues. This study aimed to examine the trends and factors linked to newly diagnosed and reported chlamydia cases in women aged 15-49 in Guangdong Province from 2006 to 2020.
We included all newly diagnosed and reported chlamydia cases from January 1, 2006, to December 31, 2020. Data from 21 cities in Guangdong Province were sourced from the National Notifiable Infectious Disease Reporting Information System in China. Temporal trends were analyzed using Joinpoint regression models. City-level factors (population density, net migration rate, and male-to-female sex ratio) were derived from the Guangdong Statistical Yearbook and the Guangdong Health and Family Planning Statistical Yearbook. Quasi-Poisson regression models were used to explore the relationship between sociodemographic factors and chlamydia incidence.
From 2006 to 2020, 523,367 new chlamydia cases were reported among women of reproductive age in Guangdong. The mean reported rate was 122.6 per 100,000 population over 15 years, significantly increasing from 1.4 in 2006 to 179.7 in 2020 (average annual percent change [AAPC] = 47.4%, 95% CI: 42.8%-52.2%, P < 0.05). The highest rate was 196.8 per 100,000 population in 2019. Among older women, 9,045 cases were reported, with a mean reported rate of 4.9 per 100,000, rising significantly from 0.01 in 2006 to 9.6 in 2020 (AAPC = 52.6%, 95% CI: 30.3%-78.8%, P < 0.05). The reported rate among women of reproductive age correlated with the net migration rate (RR = 1.2; 95% CI: 1.2-1.3) and the ratio of those participating in child-bearing insurance to the permanent population (RR = 1.5; 95% CI: 1.4-1.6).
The reported rate of new chlamydia cases among women of reproductive age was significantly higher than among older adults and increased markedly from 2006 to 2020. These findings underscore the urgent need for targeted prevention strategies for women of reproductive age.
衣原体感染在育龄女性中很常见，并且会引发严重的健康问题。本研究旨在调查2006年至2020年广东省15至49岁女性中新诊断并报告的衣原体感染病例的趋势及相关因素。
我们纳入了2006年1月1日至2020年12月31日期间所有新诊断并报告的衣原体感染病例。广东省21个城市的数据来自中国国家法定传染病报告信息系统。使用Joinpoint回归模型分析时间趋势。城市层面的因素（人口密度、净迁移率和男女比例）来自《广东统计年鉴》和《广东卫生和计划生育统计年鉴》。采用准泊松回归模型探讨社会人口学因素与衣原体感染发病率之间的关系。
2006年至2020年期间，广东省育龄女性中报告了523367例新的衣原体感染病例。15年间报告的平均发病率为每10万人122.6例，从2006年的1.4例显著增加到2020年的179.7例（平均年度百分比变化[AAPC]=47.4%，95%可信区间：42.8%-52.2%，P<0.05）。2019年发病率最高，为每10万人196.8例。在老年女性中，报告了9045例病例，平均报告发病率为每10万人4.9例，从2006年的0.01例显著上升到2020年的9.6例（AAPC=52.6%，95%可信区间：30.3%-72.6%，P<0.05）。育龄女性的报告发病率与净迁移率（相对风险[RR]=1.2；95%可信区间：1.2-1.3）以及参加生育保险人数与常住人口的比例（RR=1.5；95%可信区间：1.4-1.6）相关。
育龄女性中新发衣原体感染病例的报告发病率显著高于老年女性，并且在2006年至2020年期间显著上升。这些发现凸显了针对育龄女性制定针对性预防策略的迫切需求。
