Castro Maria Eduarda de, Cunha Lucas Leite, Ward Laura Sterian
Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Laboratory of Cancer Molecular Genetics, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil.
Heliyon. 2024 Dec 18;11(1):e41284. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e41284. eCollection 2025 Jan 15.
There is compelling evidence that although the increased availability of sensitive imaging is the main cause of the increasing incidence of differentiated thyroid cancer, particularly the papillary type, there are other factors involved. Despite the acknowledged role of genetic and certain lifestyle factors, comprehensive studies delineating the interactions between multiple risk factors and the mechanistic pathways involved are scarce. A greater understanding of both modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors for thyroid cancer is critical to prevent and manage the disease and could provide a scientific basis for future research into more appropriate lifestyles and living environments for people at high risk. We reviewed the main endogenous factors that, although considered non-modifiable, can help identify at-risk individuals. In addition, we offer a narrative review of other putative causes and make recommendations for measures to prevent the emergence of new cases of differentiated thyroid cancer.
有令人信服的证据表明，尽管高灵敏度成像技术的普及是分化型甲状腺癌，尤其是乳头状癌发病率上升的主要原因，但还有其他因素在起作用。尽管遗传因素和某些生活方式因素的作用已得到公认，但关于多种风险因素之间的相互作用以及所涉及的机制途径的全面研究却很少。深入了解甲状腺癌的可改变和不可改变风险因素对于预防和管理该疾病至关重要，并且可为未来针对高危人群更适宜的生活方式和生活环境的研究提供科学依据。我们回顾了主要的内源性因素，这些因素虽被认为不可改变，但有助于识别高危个体。此外，我们对其他可能的病因进行了叙述性综述，并就预防分化型甲状腺癌新病例出现的措施提出了建议。
