2019 - 2023年巴西三个首都城市中青少年变装者和跨性别女性的艾滋病病毒预防情况
HIV prevention among adolescents travestis and transgender women in three Brazilian capitals, 2019-2023.
作者信息
Leite Beo Oliveira, Magno Laio, Greco Dirceu, Grangeiro Alexandre, Dourado Ines
机构信息
Universidade Federal da Bahia, Instituto de Saúde Coletiva, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
Universidade do Estado da Bahia, Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
出版信息
Epidemiol Serv Saude. 2025 Jan 10;33(spe1):e2024321. doi: 10.1590/S2237-96222024v33e2024321.especial.en. eCollection 2025.
OBJECTIVE
To describe HIV prevention strategies and gender-based discrimination among adolescent travestis and transgender women.
METHODS
This was a cross-sectional study involving 148 adolescent travestis and transgender women aged 15 to 19 years in Salvador, Bahia state, São Paulo, São Paulo state, and Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais state, conducted between February 2019 and March 2023. Fisher's exact test was performed to assess differences between prevention strategies and gender-based discrimination within healthcare services.
RESULTS
18.9 % reported engaging in receptive anal sex using condom in the past 6 months; 62.2% had undergone HIV test at least once in their lifetime; and 88.5% had started pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV. Adolescents aged 15 to 17 years with previous experiences of discrimination in healthcare services had undergone fewer HIV tests in their lifetime or had started PrEP less frequently.
CONCLUSION
There is an urgent need for the implementation of public policies that eradicate gender-based discrimination and expand access to HIV prevention.
目的
描述青少年变装者和跨性别女性中的艾滋病病毒预防策略及性别歧视情况。
方法
这是一项横断面研究，于2019年2月至2023年3月期间，对来自巴伊亚州萨尔瓦多、圣保罗州圣保罗市以及米纳斯吉拉斯州贝洛奥里藏特市的148名年龄在15至19岁之间的青少年变装者和跨性别女性进行了调查。采用费舍尔精确检验来评估医疗服务中预防策略与性别歧视之间的差异。
结果
18.9%的人报告在过去6个月内有过使用安全套进行接受性肛交的行为；62.2%的人一生中至少进行过一次艾滋病病毒检测；88.5%的人已开始接受艾滋病病毒暴露前预防（PrEP）。在医疗服务中有过歧视经历的15至17岁青少年，其一生中进行艾滋病病毒检测的次数较少，或开始接受PrEP的频率较低。
结论
迫切需要实施公共政策，消除性别歧视并扩大艾滋病病毒预防服务的可及性。
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