Reum Friedemann, Marshall Julia, Bittig Henry C, Bretschneider Lutz, Broström Göran, Dissanayake Anusha L, Glauch Theo, Gottschaldt Klaus-Dirk, Gros Jonas, Huntrieser Heidi, Lampert Astrid, Lichtenstern Michael, Miller Scot M, Mohrmann Martin, Pätzold Falk, Pühl Magdalena, Rehder Gregor, Roiger Anke
Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V., Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre, Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany.
Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde, Rostock, Germany.
Nat Commun. 2025 Jan 15;16(1):351. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-53780-7.
The Nord Stream pipeline leaks on 26 September 2022 released 465 ± 20 kt of methane into the atmosphere, which is the largest recorded transient anthropogenic methane emission event. While most of the gas escaped directly to the atmosphere, a fraction dissolved in the water. So far, studies on the fate of this dissolved methane rely on pipeline volumetric estimates or spatially sparse concentration measurements and ocean models. Here, we use atmospheric measurements with broad spatial coverage obtained from an airborne platform to estimate outgassing of 19-48 t h on 5 October 2022. Our results broadly agree with ocean models but reveal uncertainties such as inaccuracies in their spatial emission distribution. Thus, we provide a data-driven constraint on the fate of the methane from the Nord Stream pipelines in the Baltic Sea. These results demonstrate the benefit of a fast-response airborne mission to track a dynamic methane emission event.
2022年9月26日，北溪管道泄漏向大气中释放了465±20千吨甲烷，这是有记录以来最大的人为甲烷瞬态排放事件。虽然大部分气体直接逸散到大气中，但有一部分溶解在了水中。到目前为止，关于这种溶解态甲烷归宿的研究依赖于管道体积估算、空间上稀疏的浓度测量以及海洋模型。在此，我们利用从机载平台获得的具有广泛空间覆盖范围的大气测量数据，来估算2022年10月5日的甲烷释放量为19 - 48吨/小时。我们的结果与海洋模型大致相符，但揭示了一些不确定性，比如模型中空间排放分布的不准确。因此，我们为波罗的海北溪管道甲烷的归宿提供了一个数据驱动的约束条件。这些结果证明了快速响应的机载任务对于追踪动态甲烷排放事件的益处。
