Östh Josefine, Lundin Andreas, Wennberg Peter, Andréasson Sven, Danielsson Anna-Karin
Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Centre for Epidemiology and Community Health, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden.
Addiction. 2025 May;120(5):905-918. doi: 10.1111/add.16769. Epub 2025 Jan 16.
Studies using smartphone apps in treatment for alcohol dependence are lacking. This study aimed to test the consumption-reducing effects of using two app-based alcohol interventions as complement to treatment as usual (TAU).
Three-armed, parallel, randomised controlled trial.
Specialised outpatient clinic within the Stockholm Centre for Dependency Disorders, Stockholm, Sweden.
162 alcohol-dependent adults (46% female), with no social problems or mental disorders, who had no other drug use, were included. Mean age was 50 years, and the majority were highly educated, employed and had not previously received any alcohol treatment.
Participants were randomised to (1) TAU+drink-counting app (Glasklart, n = 52), (2) TAU+app-coupled breathalyser (iBAC Pro, n = 58) or (3) TAU only (n = 52). TAU included four sessions of clinician-led psychological treatment based on motivational interviewing/cognitive behavioural therapy, combined with pharmacotherapy when requested, for 12 weeks.
The primary outcome was past 4-week heavy drinking days (HDD) at 26 weeks post-randomisation, adjusted for baseline HDD, and assessed by structured interviews using Timeline Followback. Secondary outcomes included weekly consumption, consumption patterns, phosphatidylethanol and dependence at 12 and 26 weeks. Analyses compared TAU+drink-counting app and TAU+breathalyser each with TAU alone.
At 26 weeks, participants with TAU+breathalyser had statistically significantly lower HDD [incidence rate ratio (IRR) = 0.67, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.49, 0.91] compared with those with TAU alone. There was no evidence of any effects on HDD for those with TAU+drink-counting app, compared with TAU alone (IRR = 0.94, 95% CI = 0.70, 1.25) or of any other effects.
In Sweden, treatment as usual (TAU) for alcohol dependence combined with a smartphone application coupled with a breathalyser was more effective than TAU alone in reducing self-reported heavy drinking. There was no evidence that TAU combined with a smartphone application for drink-counting was more effective than TAU alone.
缺乏使用智能手机应用程序治疗酒精依赖的研究。本研究旨在测试两种基于应用程序的酒精干预措施作为常规治疗（TAU）补充的减少饮酒效果。
三臂平行随机对照试验。
瑞典斯德哥尔摩成瘾症中心的专科门诊。
纳入162名酒精依赖成年人（46%为女性），他们没有社会问题或精神障碍，没有其他药物使用情况。平均年龄为50岁，大多数人受过高等教育、有工作，且之前未接受过任何酒精治疗。
参与者被随机分为三组：（1）TAU+饮酒计数应用程序（Glasklart，n = 52），（2）TAU+应用程序连接的呼气酒精含量测定仪（iBAC Pro，n = 58），或（3）仅TAU（n = 52）。TAU包括基于动机访谈/认知行为疗法的四节由临床医生主导的心理治疗，并根据需要结合药物治疗，为期12周。
主要结局是随机分组后26周过去4周的重度饮酒天数（HDD），对基线HDD进行调整，并通过使用时间线追溯法的结构化访谈进行评估。次要结局包括12周和26周时的每周饮酒量、饮酒模式、磷脂酰乙醇和酒精依赖情况。分析将TAU+饮酒计数应用程序组和TAU+呼气酒精含量测定仪组分别与单独的TAU组进行比较。
在26周时，与单独接受TAU的参与者相比，接受TAU+呼气酒精含量测定仪的参与者的HDD在统计学上显著降低[发病率比（IRR）= 0.67，95%置信区间（CI）= 0.49，0.91]。与单独接受TAU的参与者相比，没有证据表明TAU+饮酒计数应用程序对HDD有任何影响（IRR = 0.94，95% CI = 0.70，1.25），也没有其他影响的证据。
在瑞典，酒精依赖的常规治疗（TAU）结合智能手机应用程序和呼气酒精含量测定仪在减少自我报告的重度饮酒方面比单独的TAU更有效。没有证据表明TAU结合智能手机饮酒计数应用程序比单独的TAU更有效。
