Azabo Rogers R, George Janeth I, Mshana Stephen E, Matee Mecky I, Kimera Sharadhuli I
Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Parasitology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro, Tanzania.
Livestock Program, National Livestock Resources Research Institute, Kampala, Uganda.
Front Antibiot. 2022 Nov 15;1:1011929. doi: 10.3389/frabi.2022.1011929. eCollection 2022.
Of all animal derived-food, the demand for poultry meat is the most dynamic. The poultry sector can meet this demand only by introducing intensive production where antimicrobial use is inevitable. Bacterial infection prevention and control is an important factor in intensive livestock production. Antibiotics are an effective and relatively inexpensive means of preventing and controlling infections, thus maintaining animal health and productivity. The aim of this study was to gain insight into the costs and benefits of various scenarios of antimicrobial use reduction at broiler farms in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. This study focused on the economic impact of an average broiler farm. Costs and benefits for various scenarios of antimicrobial use reduction levels were projected by a partial budget framework using the Mclnerney model. The disease cost of the current situation was US$225. On reduction of antimicrobial use by 20% the avoidable disease cost was US$ 31, by 50% was US$ 83 and by 100% was US$ 147. A reduction in antibiotic use can only be achieved if better alternatives are available to combat disease. In conclusion, the model predicts that reducing antibiotic use increases production costs. Future studies on antimicrobial use reduction's impact on morbidity and mortality and the efficiency of additional control and other measures of producing poultry meat without high concentrations of antibiotics are necessary.
在所有动物源性食品中，对禽肉的需求最为活跃。家禽业只有通过引入集约化生产才能满足这一需求，而在集约化生产中抗菌药物的使用是不可避免的。细菌感染的预防和控制是集约化畜牧业生产中的一个重要因素。抗生素是预防和控制感染的一种有效且相对廉价的手段，从而维持动物健康和生产力。本研究的目的是深入了解坦桑尼亚达累斯萨拉姆肉鸡养殖场各种减少抗菌药物使用方案的成本和效益。本研究聚焦于一个普通肉鸡养殖场的经济影响。使用麦克纳尼模型，通过部分预算框架预测了各种抗菌药物使用减少水平方案的成本和效益。当前状况下的疾病成本为225美元。抗菌药物使用减少20%时，可避免的疾病成本为31美元；减少50%时为83美元；减少100%时为147美元。只有在有更好的替代方法来对抗疾病时，才能实现抗生素使用的减少。总之，该模型预测减少抗生素使用会增加生产成本。未来有必要开展关于减少抗菌药物使用对发病率和死亡率的影响以及在不使用高浓度抗生素的情况下生产禽肉的额外控制措施和其他措施效率的研究。
