Mgaya Fauster X, Matee Mecky I, Muhairwa Amandus P, Hoza Abubakar S
Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Parasitology, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro 67000, Tanzania.
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam 65001, Tanzania.
Antibiotics (Basel). 2021 Mar 24;10(4):343. doi: 10.3390/antibiotics10040343.
This cross-sectional study was conducted between January and June 2020, in five large poultry slaughter slabs in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Purposive sampling was used to select broilers and spent layers, from which meat and cloaca swabs were collected to determine the occurrence of multidrug resistant (MDR) . Identification of isolates was done using API 20E, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed as per CLSI (2018) guidelines. EBSL (, TEM, SHV) and plasmid mediated quinolone (, , and ) were screened using PCR. Out of 384 samples, 212 (55.2%) were positive for , of which 147 (69.3%) were resistant to multiple drugs (MDR). Highest resistance was detected to tetracycline (91.9%), followed by sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (80.5%), ampicillin (70.9%), ciprofloxacin (40.2%) and 25% cefotaxime, gentamycin (10.8%) and imipenem (8.6%) (95% CI, < 0.01). Out of the -positive samples, ten (10/212) (4.7%) were ESBL producing of which CTX-M was detected in two isolates and quinolones resistant gene ( in eight, while TEM, SHV, , and were not detected. The high level of resistance and multidrug resistance imply these antibiotics are ineffective, add unnecessary cost to poultry farmers and certainly facilitate emergence and spread of resistance.
这项横断面研究于2020年1月至6月在坦桑尼亚达累斯萨拉姆的五个大型家禽屠宰场进行。采用目的抽样法选择肉鸡和产蛋后期母鸡，采集其肉样和泄殖腔拭子以确定多重耐药（MDR）的发生情况。使用API 20E进行分离株鉴定，并按照CLSI（2018）指南进行抗菌药物敏感性试验。使用PCR筛选超广谱β-内酰胺酶（ESBL，TEM、SHV）和质粒介导的喹诺酮（qnrA、qnrB、qnrS和oqxA）。在384个样本中，212个（55.2%）对ESBL呈阳性，其中147个（69.3%）对多种药物耐药（MDR）。检测到对四环素的耐药性最高（91.9%），其次是磺胺甲恶唑-甲氧苄啶（80.5%）、氨苄西林（70.9%）、环丙沙星（40.2%）和头孢噻肟（25%）、庆大霉素（10.8%）和亚胺培南（8.6%）（95%CI，P<0.01）。在ESBL阳性样本中，有10个（10/212）（4.7%）产生ESBL，其中在两个分离株中检测到CTX-M，在八个分离株中检测到喹诺酮耐药基因qnrS，而未检测到TEM、SHV、qnrA、qnrB和oqxA。高水平的耐药性和多重耐药性意味着这些抗生素无效，给家禽养殖户增加了不必要的成本，并且肯定会促进耐药性的出现和传播。
