Wan Shiyun, Zhou Xiaoxue, Xie Feng, Zhou Fangfang, Zhang Long
The First Affiliated Hospital, the Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, 310015, China.
Sci China Life Sci. 2025 Apr;68(4):1010-1024. doi: 10.1007/s11427-023-2637-2. Epub 2025 Jan 14.
The ketogenic diet (KD) has attracted attention in recent years for its potential anticancer effects. KD is a dietary structure of high fat, moderate protein, and extremely low carbohydrate content. Originally introduced as a treatment for epilepsy, KD has been widely applied in weight loss programs and the management of metabolic diseases. Previous studies have shown that KD can potentially inhibit the growth and spread of cancer by limiting energy supply to tumor cells, thereby inhibiting tumor angiogenesis, reducing oxidative stress in normal cells, and affecting cancer cell signaling and other processes. Moreover, KD has been shown to influence T-cell-mediated immune responses and inflammation by modulating the gut microbiota, enhance the efficacy of standard cancer treatments, and mitigate the complications of chemotherapy. However, controversies and uncertainties remain regarding the specific mechanisms and clinical effects of KD as an adjunctive therapy for cancer. Therefore, this review summarizes the existing research and explores the intricate relationships between KD and cancer treatment.
近年来，生酮饮食（KD）因其潜在的抗癌作用而备受关注。KD是一种高脂肪、适量蛋白质和极低碳水化合物含量的饮食结构。KD最初作为癫痫的治疗方法被引入，现已广泛应用于减肥计划和代谢疾病的管理。先前的研究表明，KD可能通过限制肿瘤细胞的能量供应来抑制癌症的生长和扩散，从而抑制肿瘤血管生成，降低正常细胞中的氧化应激，并影响癌细胞信号传导等过程。此外，KD已被证明可通过调节肠道微生物群来影响T细胞介导的免疫反应和炎症，增强标准癌症治疗的疗效，并减轻化疗的并发症。然而，关于KD作为癌症辅助治疗的具体机制和临床效果仍存在争议和不确定性。因此，本综述总结了现有研究，并探讨了KD与癌症治疗之间的复杂关系。
