Wilmore J H, Atwater A E, Maxwell B D, Wilmore D L, Constable S H, Buono M J
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1985 Feb;17(1):106-12.
Normal menstruating females, 19 to 32 years of age, were randomly assigned to either a control (C; N = 17) or an experimental (E; N = 17) group to determine alterations in breast size, shape, and volume consequent to a 21-day bust development program (BDP) using a commercial exercise device as specified by the manufacturer. E and C groups were evaluated on 2 consecutive d prior to initiating the BDP to establish reliability of the test procedures and again at the end of the BDP, 27 to 29 d following the initial measures. Anthropometric measures included the following girths: shoulder, chest, bust with and without brassiere, abdomen, deltoid, and flexed biceps. Breast photography included two 35-mm photographs each from the side and front views, in both full inspiration and full expiration, with the subject position carefully standardized. A total of 10 measurements, corrected for perspective error, were obtained from these photographs. Breast volume was measured using a water displacement technique, with three trials for each breast. Repeated measures analysis of variance procedures indicated no significant differences consequent to the BDP for any of the variables assessed, with the exception of a small decrease in shoulder girth in both E and C and a small decrease in left breast volume in E. It was concluded that the use of a commercial exercise device with a specific BDP does not result in changes in breast size, shape, or volume.
19至32岁的正常月经女性被随机分为对照组（C组；N = 17）或实验组（E组；N = 17），以确定在使用制造商指定的商用健身器材进行为期21天的胸部发育计划（BDP）后，乳房大小、形状和体积的变化。在开始BDP之前，对E组和C组连续两天进行评估，以确定测试程序的可靠性，并在BDP结束时、即初始测量后的27至29天再次进行评估。人体测量指标包括以下围度：肩部、胸部、戴胸罩和不戴胸罩时的胸围、腹部、三角肌和屈臂围。乳房摄影包括从侧面和正面拍摄的两张35毫米照片，分别在完全吸气和完全呼气时拍摄，拍摄对象的姿势经过仔细标准化。从这些照片中总共获得了10项经透视误差校正的测量值。使用排水法测量乳房体积，每个乳房测量三次。重复测量方差分析程序表明，除了E组和C组的肩部围度均略有减小以及E组的左乳房体积略有减小外，BDP对所评估的任何变量均未产生显著差异。研究得出结论，使用带有特定BDP的商用健身器材不会导致乳房大小、形状或体积的变化。
