Bhambhani Y, Singh M
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1985 Feb;17(1):131-7.
The purposes of this study were to compare the total metabolic costs and gait patterns of walking and running at self-selected, comfortable speeds in males and females. Total oxygen consumption was used to determine the metabolic cost, and cinematographic analysis was used to study the gait patterns of walking and running a distance of 1 km in 12 male and 12 female subjects. No significant sex difference was observed for the speed, vertical lift per stride, and total vertical lift per km of distance walked. Females ran at a significantly slower speed than males (P less than .01), but no significant sex difference was observed for the vertical lift per stride or total vertical lift per km of distance run. In both sexes, the gross and net energy costs of running were significantly greater (P less than .001) than those of walking when values were expressed as kcal . kg-1 . km-1 or cal . kg-1 . stride-1. No significant sex difference was observed in the gross or net metabolic cost of walking, whereas during running, the gross and net metabolic costs in kcal . kg-1 . km-1 were significantly higher (P less than .05) in females than in males. It was hypothesized that this sex difference was due to the cumulative effect of several factors which were biomechanical and metabolic in nature.
本研究的目的是比较男性和女性在自选舒适速度下行走和跑步的总代谢成本及步态模式。用总耗氧量来确定代谢成本，并用电影摄影分析来研究12名男性和12名女性受试者行走和跑1公里的步态模式。在行走速度、每步垂直抬升高度以及每公里行走距离的总垂直抬升高度方面，未观察到显著的性别差异。女性跑步速度显著低于男性（P小于0.01），但在每步垂直抬升高度或每公里跑步距离的总垂直抬升高度方面，未观察到显著的性别差异。在两性中，当以千卡·千克⁻¹·公里⁻¹或卡路里·千克⁻¹·步⁻¹表示时，跑步的总能量成本和净能量成本均显著高于行走（P小于0.001）。在行走的总代谢成本或净代谢成本方面，未观察到显著的性别差异，而在跑步过程中，以千卡·千克⁻¹·公里⁻¹表示的总代谢成本和净代谢成本，女性显著高于男性（P小于0.05）。据推测，这种性别差异是由于几个生物力学和代谢性质的因素的累积效应所致。
