Velsko Irina M, Warinner Christina
Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany.
Archaeogenetics Research Unit, Leibniz Institute for Natural Products Research and Infection Biology Hans Knöll Institute, Jena, Germany.
NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes. 2025 Jan 17;11(1):19. doi: 10.1038/s41522-024-00642-1.
The genus Streptococcus is highly diverse and a core member of the primate oral microbiome. Streptococcus species are grouped into at least eight phylogenetically-supported clades, five of which are found almost exclusively in the oral cavity. We explored the dominant Streptococcus phylogenetic clades in samples from multiple oral sites and from ancient and modern-day humans and non-human primates and found that clade dominance is conserved across human oral sites, with most Streptococcus reads assigned to species falling in the Sanguinis or Mitis clades. However, minor differences in the presence and abundance of individual species within each clade differentiated human lifestyles, with loss of S. sinensis appearing to correlate with toothbrushing. Of the non-human primates, only baboons show clade abundance patterns similar to humans, suggesting that a habitat and diet similar to that of early humans may favor the growth of Sanguinis and Mitis clade species.
链球菌属高度多样，是灵长类动物口腔微生物群的核心成员。链球菌物种至少被分为八个系统发育支持的进化枝，其中五个几乎只在口腔中发现。我们探索了来自多个口腔部位以及古代和现代人类及非人类灵长类动物样本中的优势链球菌系统发育进化枝，发现进化枝优势在人类口腔部位是保守的，大多数链球菌读数分配到的物种属于血链菌属或轻链球菌属进化枝。然而，每个进化枝内个别物种的存在和丰度的微小差异区分了人类生活方式，中华链球菌的缺失似乎与刷牙有关。在非人类灵长类动物中，只有狒狒显示出与人类相似的进化枝丰度模式，这表明与早期人类相似的栖息地和饮食可能有利于血链菌属和轻链球菌属进化枝物种的生长。
