Zhang Furui, Chen Jiale, Zhang Zhen, Wu Jing, Qu Yuliang, Ni Linhan, Zhang Guolin, Liu Kunmei, Guo Le
School of First Clinical Medical, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China.
School of Laboratory, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China.
J Nanobiotechnology. 2025 Jan 18;23(1):23. doi: 10.1186/s12951-025-03111-9.
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), a specific bacterium capable of surviving in the acidic environment of the stomach, has been recognized as a group of causative agents of gastric cancer. Therefore, the development of mucosal vaccines against H. pylori is expected to provide an important direction for the treatment of chronic gastritis and the prevention of gastric cancer.
In this study, we used bacteria-like particles (BLPs) obtained by treating Lactic acid bacteria (L. lactis) with hot acid, and successfully displayed the M cell-targeted H. pylori multi-epitope purified antigen SAM-FAdE, with 90% display efficiency. In addition, BLPs-SAM-FAdE can effectively target M cell models and M cells of mouse Peyer's patches (PPs) through oral immunization, promote the transport of particulate vaccines to dendritic cells (BMDCs) and stimulate their maturation, significantly increased proportion of plasma cells and germinal centers B cells. This indicates that the vaccination can induce notable antigen-specific mucosal immune responses (production of sIgA), CD4 T cell responses (Th1/Th2/Th17) and humoral immune responses (production of serum IgG). Furthermore, oral BLPs-SAM-FAdE dramatically reduced the H. pylori adhesion and specific 16S rRNA expression of H. pylori in gastric mucosal tissue, protecting gastric tissue from damage.
BLPs-SAM-FAdE can significantly reduce the adhesion of H. pylori in gastric mucosal tissue and inhibit gastritis and gastric damage caused by H. pylori infection.
幽门螺杆菌是一种能够在胃的酸性环境中存活的特殊细菌，已被确认为胃癌的一组致病因子。因此，开发针对幽门螺杆菌的黏膜疫苗有望为慢性胃炎的治疗和胃癌的预防提供重要方向。
在本研究中，我们使用经热酸处理乳酸菌（乳酸乳球菌）获得的细菌样颗粒（BLPs），成功展示了靶向M细胞的幽门螺杆菌多表位纯化抗原SAM-FAdE，展示效率达90%。此外，BLPs-SAM-FAdE通过口服免疫可有效靶向M细胞模型和小鼠派尔集合淋巴结（PPs）的M细胞，促进颗粒疫苗向树突状细胞（BMDCs）的转运并刺激其成熟，显著增加浆细胞和生发中心B细胞的比例。这表明该疫苗接种可诱导显著的抗原特异性黏膜免疫反应（分泌型IgA产生）、CD4 T细胞反应（Th1/Th2/Th17）和体液免疫反应（血清IgG产生）。此外，口服BLPs-SAM-FAdE可显著降低幽门螺杆菌在胃黏膜组织中的黏附及幽门螺杆菌特异性16S rRNA表达，保护胃组织免受损伤。
BLPs-SAM-FAdE可显著降低幽门螺杆菌在胃黏膜组织中的黏附，抑制幽门螺杆菌感染引起的胃炎和胃损伤。
